Skip to content
SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Slavery, Resistance & Freedom

Learn about enslavement, resistance, abolition and the struggle for freedom through biographies and historical records.

Explore Series 1 categories · Artifact discovery board

8,921 matching cards · 24 cards per page

Source image for Learning is Wealth: Wilson, Charley, Rebecca & Rosa, Slaves from New OrleansLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Learning is Wealth: Wilson, Charley, Rebecca & Rosa, Slaves from New Orleans

1864

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A carte de viste featuring a black and white photograph of three children, two girls and a boy, gathered around a man in a chair. All are holding books. In the center, the boy stands wearing a dark colored jacket and pants. He holds a closed book in front…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.158.30
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Leases — Beaufort (Subassistant Commissioner)

Jan. 1865–May 1868

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound leases, January 1865–May 1868, are arranged chronologically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1909, File 4.2.12
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Leases for Houses and Tenements

bulk May 1864 and Oct. 1864–Oct. 1865

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Leases for Houses and Tenements”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1907, Item 3.36.3.1
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Leases for Houses and Tenements — Natchez (Treasury Agent)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound leases for houses and tenements, May 1864 and October 1864–October 1865, are arranged chronologically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1907, File 3.36.3
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Leases for Houses and Tenements — Vicksburg (Special Agent of the Treasury Department)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The single volume of leases for houses and tenements, September 1864–September 1865 (86), is arranged in chronological order and numbered. The volume has a name index.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1907, File 3.52.7
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Leases for Houses and Tenements — Wilmington (Treasury Department Agent and War Department Financial Agent)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The single volume of leases for houses and tenements, March–July 1865 (276), is arranged chronologically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1909, File 4.54.1
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Leases, Miscellaneous Court Papers, Reports — Little Rock (Pulaski County)

1865–68

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound leases, miscellaneous court papers, and reports, 1865–68, are arranged by type of record. Included are land reports (August and September 1866, and January 1868); reports of destitute soldiers treated at a Little Rock hospital (January–February…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1901, File 3.15.9
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Leases of Abandoned Lands and Property — Vicksburg (Special Agent of the Treasury Department)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The single volume of leases of abandoned lands and property, February–September 1865 (80), is arranged chronologically and has a name index.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1907, File 3.52.18
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Leases of Lands — Drummondtown (Assistant Subassistant Commissioner)

Sept. 1865–Feb. 1866

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound leases of lands, September 1865–February 1866, are arranged numerically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1913, File 3.24.8
Explore record →
Source image for Leather house whipLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Leather house whip

1850s

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Small house whip made of a thick piece of leather that tapers outward from the square base and is cut into multiple tails at the end. The leather is a dark grey color and flat. There are several leather strips at the end of the whip, with the opposite end…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2014.312.111
Explore record →
Source image for Leather tool basketLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Leather tool basket

mid 19th-mid 20th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A brown leather tool basket. The ellipse-shaped basket has a wooden base, leather sides, and a leather handle. The leather sides are riveted to the wooden base along the bottom edge of the basket. The leather sides are constructed from a single piece of…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.23.56
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Ledger of Accounts — Plantation Department

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The single–volume ledger of accounts, February–June 1865 (33), is arranged by account and has a name index.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1905, File 4.1.14
Explore record →
Source image for Ledger of supply costs for eleven Revolutionary War soldiersLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Ledger of supply costs for eleven Revolutionary War soldiers

1782

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A single-sheet document of handwritten brown ink on off-white paper that lists soldiers, both black and white, and the cost of supplies for each man for the year 1781. The document begins at the top with [The Account of Supplies (illegible) to the Officers…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2009.14.2
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Legal document concerning an enslaved woman named Zaire in Jamaica

February 8, 1811

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Two handwritten depositions from a court case, Valdec v. Gravier in Kingston, Jamaica. Document a is Nicholas Charles Van Eeckhout’s deposition and b is a deposition given by an unidentified person with the surname of Gravier who appears to be the…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2010.1.227ab
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Legal document of indenture for William H. Harrison Travis

1852

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A legal indenture document for William H. Harrison Travis, handwritten in brown ink on blue paper, and dated January 26, 1852. The document states that Thomas N. Shelton, identified as an “overseer of the poor of the county of Patrick,” does “place and…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2010.59.11
Explore record →
BIOGRAPHYPortrait not availableExplore the life, work and source references.
BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Leland Foster

1910–1967

Leland Felton Foster (July 17, 1910 – April 21, 1967) was an American professional baseball pitcher in the Negro leagues. He played with the Monroe Monarchs in 1932. Foster attended Morehouse College where he played college football for the Morehouse…

Wikipedia contributors
Read biography →
BIOGRAPHYPortrait not availableExplore the life, work and source references.
BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Leon Howard

1849–1912

Leonidas Howard Sr. (1849 – March 8, 1912), usually known as Leon Howard, was a laborer in Memphis, Tennessee who is believed to have been an ex-slave) and served one term as a member of the Tennessee House of Representatives for the 43rd General Assembly…

Wikipedia contributors
Read biography →
BIOGRAPHYPortrait not availableExplore the life, work and source references.
BIOGRAPHY
History & Culture

Leonard Black

1820–1883

Leonard Black (March 8, 1820 – April 28, 1883) was born a slave in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, and was separated from his family by the age of six. He escaped after 20 years of slavery. In 1847 he wrote The Life and Sufferings of Leonard Black: A…

Wikipedia contributors
Read biography →
Source image for Leonard GrimesLoading image…
BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Leonard Grimes

1815–1873

Leonard Andrew Grimes (November 9, 1815 – March 14, 1873) was an African-American abolitionist and pastor. He served as a conductor of the Underground Railroad, including his efforts to free fugitive slave Anthony Burns captured in accordance with the…

Wikipedia contributors
Read biography →
Source image for Letter and payment receipt for hire of enslaved persons owned by Apphia RouzeeLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Letter and payment receipt for hire of enslaved persons owned by Apphia Rouzee

January 1, 1802

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A letter written by Apphia Rouzee to Mr. Evan Brown in care of William Noel stating "you must hire out all the negros to the best advantage for this yeare and send by him all the cash you have received." The letter is dated January 1, 1802. On the reverse,…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.104.14
Explore record →
Source image for Letter concerning procurement of whips, personal effects, and bolts of clothLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Letter concerning procurement of whips, personal effects, and bolts of cloth

October 19, 1829

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

This handwritten one page, double-sided document is a business letter written to a Mrs. Wintonne. It appears to pertain to the procurement of whips, a bonnet and other personal effects from Baltimore. It appears that the writer was the agent in charge of…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.104.40
Explore record →
COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Letter concerning shipment of enslaved people from Maryland to Mississippi

1827

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Letter from Samuel Handy in Snow Hill, Maryland to Rev. James Smylie regarding the potential for the latter to purchase enslaved persons for removal to Natchez, Mississippi. Letter is black ink on folded paper; paper was folded into its own envelope and…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2019.28.7
Explore record →
Source image for Letter containing news of Nat Turner's rebellionLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Letter containing news of Nat Turner's rebellion

January 6, 1832

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A letter from Eleanor Wayland Weaver in Madison County, Virginia, to her daughter Theodosia and son-in-law Jacob in Lewisburg, Ohio, sent January 6, 1832. The letter discusses Nat Turner's rebellion, writing: "Dear Son + Daughter, You appeared to be very…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2019.28.8
Explore record →
Source image for Letter describing defeat of slave catchers in a battle with ten fugitivesLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Letter describing defeat of slave catchers in a battle with ten fugitives

November 9,1858

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A wove paper letter (ab) and original envelope (c) from 13-year old Jasper L. Hall to his brother James E. Hall, describing the defeat of slave catchers in a pitched battle with ten fugitive slaves, Pennsylvania. This eight-page correspondence, written in…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2021.16.1abc
Explore record →

Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.