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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Slavery, Resistance & Freedom

Learn about enslavement, resistance, abolition and the struggle for freedom through biographies and historical records.

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8,921 matching cards · 24 cards per page

COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Visual Arts

Flotilla

1996

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

This silkscreen print depicts a flotilla of ships just off a beach. The ships, some black with tan trim, and some grey with black trim, are scattered across the deep blue ocean surface. There are waves where the water meets the gray, clouded horizon. All…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2008.12.13
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Source image for Flute made for Blind Tom by William R. MeinellLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Flute made for Blind Tom by William R. Meinell

1879-1884

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

This silver flute was made for the performer "Blind Tom" by William R.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2014.138.1a-f
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Folk art model of a slave ship on stand

1890-1950

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

This model of a slave ship consists of a wooden hull (a), a removable deck (b), and a wooden stand (c). The wooden hull (a) is made of a soft wood painted black on the outside, with a cream border around the top where sixteen square holes are carved, eight…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2013.196.1abc
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Form Letters from Depot Commissary of Subsistence Relating to Commutation of Rations for Prisoners of War

Oct. 1866–Feb. 1867

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Form Letters from Depot Commissary of Subsistence Relating to Commutation of Rations for Prisoners of War”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1911, Item 3.26.2.1
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Form Letters from Depot Commissary of Subsistence Relating to Commutation of Rations for Prisoners of War — Nashville (Superintendent)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound form letters from depot commissary of subsistence, October 1866–February 1867, are arranged chronologically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1911, File 3.26.2
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Form Letters from U. S. Sanitary Commission, Army and Navy Claim Agency, Relating to Claims

Sept. 1865–Dec. 1867

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Form Letters from U. S. Sanitary Commission, Army and Navy Claim Agency, Relating to Claims”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1911, Item 3.26.3.1
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Form Letters from U. S. Sanitary Commission, Army and Navy Claim Agency, Relating to Claims — Nashville (Superintendent)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound form letters from the U. S. Sanitary Commission, army and navy claim agency, relating to claims, September 1865–December 1867, are arranged chronologically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1911, File 3.26.3
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Form Letters Received from Treasury Department, Second Auditor's Office, Relating to Certificates of Payment

Sept. 1866–Apr. 1867

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Form Letters Received from Treasury Department, Second Auditor's Office, Relating to Certificates of Payment”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1911, Item 3.26.4.1
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Form Letters Received from Treasury Department, Second Auditor's Office, Relating to Certificates of Payment — Nashville (Superintendent)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound form letters received from the Treasury Department, Second Auditor's Office, relating to certificates of payment, September 1866–April 1867, are arranged chronologically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1911, File 3.26.4
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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Fortune

Biography

Fortune (c. 1743 – 1798) was an enslaved African-American who achieved posthumous notability over the transfer of his remains from a museum storage room to a state funeral.

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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Foundation stone for a house built by Lawrence B. Brown

1890-1940

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Grey foundation stone from a bungalow built by Lawrence B. Brown in Bartow, Florida. The stone is four-sided and narrowly tapers towards the top. The top of the foundation stone is flat. The front of the stone features embossed letters arranged in a circle…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2015.196
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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Fountain Hughes

Biography

Fountain Hughes (c. 1859 – July 4, 1957) was an American former slave freed in 1865 after the American Civil War. Born in Charlottesville, Virginia, he worked as a laborer for most of his life, moving in 1881 from Virginia to Baltimore, Maryland. He was…

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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Frame with four Confederate States of America miniature flags

late 19th - early 20th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Four miniature souvenir Confederate States of America flags displayed in a black frame with a glass pane. The flags have been secured to a black paper backing with clear tape and paper tape. Along the top edge of the frame, above each of the flags taped to…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.16
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Photographs and Still Images

Framed print of Lew Snowden

ca. 1870

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A black-and-white photomechanical print of a studio portrait of Lew Snowden in a wooden frame. Snowden is depicted wearing a dark colored hat, jacket and pants. He is holding a black cane in his left arm, which is bent at the elbow. A large beaded watch…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2024.65.4
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Photographs and Still Images

Framed studio portrait of Lew Snowden

ca. 1870

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A black-and-white studio portrait of Lew Snowden in a decorative, green glass frame with scalloped cut edges. In the photograph, Lew Snowden is standing at the bottom of a staircase. He is wearing a light-colored Zouave style turban, jacket, vest, and…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2024.65.5
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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Frances Ellen Watkins Harper

1825–1911

Frances Ellen Watkins Harper (September 24, 1825 – February 22, 1911) was an American abolitionist, suffragist, poet, temperance activist, teacher, public speaker, and writer. Beginning in 1845, she was one of the first African American women to be…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Frances Jane Scroggins Brown

1819–1914

Frances Jane Scroggins Brown (15 April 1819 – 16 April 1914) was an African American Underground Railroad station operator. Brown's daughter, Hallie Quinn Brown, co-founded the National Association of Colored Women (NACW).

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Frances Thompson

1840–1876

Frances Thompson (c. 1840 – 1876) was an American, formerly enslaved Black trans woman and anti-rape activist. She was one of the five Black women to testify before a congressional committee that investigated the Memphis massacre of 1866.

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Francis Bok

1979–

Francis Piol Bol Bok (born February 1979), a Dinka tribesman and citizen of South Sudan, was a slave for ten years and later became an abolitionist and author living in the United States.

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BIOGRAPHY
History & Culture

Francis Jackson (kidnapping victim)

1817–

Francis Jackson (born between 1815 and 1820), also known as Frank Jackson, was an African-American victim of kidnapping into slavery. He was born free, but enticed into helping to drive horses to Virginia, a slave state, and was sold into slavery in early…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Francis Lewis Cardozo

1836–1903

Francis Lewis Cardozo (February 1, 1836 – July 22, 1903) was an American clergyman, politician, and educator. When elected in South Carolina as Secretary of State in 1868, he was the first African American to hold a statewide office in the United States.…

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BIOGRAPHY
Culture

Francisco de Paula Victor

1827–1905

Francisco de Paula Victor (12 April 1827 – 23 September 1905) was an Afro-Brazilian Catholic priest. He is known in Brazil as the "Apostle of Charity" for his charitable treatment of the poor. He is the first black Brazilian national to be beatified in the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Culture

Francisco Paulo de Almeida, Baron of Guaraciaba

1826–1901

Francisco Paulo de Almeida, first and only Baron of Guaraciaba (10 January 1826 – 9 February 1901), was a Brazilian landowner and banker. He distinguished himself for being one of the most financially successful black men in the Empire of Brazil. He owned…

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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.