John Horse

Biography

John Horse (c. 1812–1882), also known as Juan Caballo, Juan Cavallo, John Cowaya (with spelling variations) and Gopher John, was a man of mixed African and Seminole ancestry who fought alongside the Seminoles in the Second Seminole War in Florida. He rose to prominence in the third year of what was to become a seven-year war when the first generation of Black Seminole leaders was largely decimated and the charismatic Seminole war leader Osceola (Asi Yahola) was taken prisoner by the American military commander, General Thomas Sydney Jesup.

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