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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Civil Rights & Public Life

Follow movements, public leaders and campaigns for rights, citizenship and representation.

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BIOGRAPHY
Film & Television

Lucius Wimbush

1839–1872

Lucius Wimbush (c. 1839 – 1872) was a state legislator, businessman, and public official. After being freed from slavery, he became a state senator during the Reconstruction Era in South Carolina. Wimbush was elected from Chester County and was secretary…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Lucy A. Delaney

Biography

Lucy Delaney (née Lucy Ann Berry; c. 1828–1830 – August 31, 1910) was an African American seamstress, slave narrator, and community leader. She was born into slavery and was primarily held by the Major Taylor Berry and Judge Robert Wash families.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Lucy Goode Brooks

1818–1900

Lucy Goode Brooks (September 13, 1818 – October 7, 1900) was an enslaved American woman who later became instrumental in the founding of the Friends' Asylum for Colored Orphans in Richmond, Virginia.

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BIOGRAPHY
Medicine & Health

Lucy Hughes Brown

1863–1911

Lucy Hughes Brown (April 12, 1863 – June 26, 1911) was the first African-American woman physician licensed to practice in both North Carolina and South Carolina and the cofounder of a nursing school and hospital. Hughes Brown was also an activist and poet.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Lucy J. Brown

1933–2025

Lucy J. Brown (September 5, 1933 – February 9, 2025) was an American social justice activist and public servant. She was the co-founder of Ithaca Neighborhood Housing Services in Ithaca, New York. Brown also served on the Ithaca City School District Board…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Lucy J. Sprague

1851–1903

Lucy J. Sprague (born Earle 1851 – September 29, 1903) was an American suffragist from Rochester, New York.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Lucy McBath

1960–

Lucia Kay McBath (née Holman; born June 1, 1960) is an American politician who has served in the United States House of Representatives from a district in the suburbs of Atlanta, Georgia, since 2019. She represented Georgia's 6th congressional district…

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Lucy Miller Mitchell

1899–2002

Lucy Miller Mitchell (1899 – 2002) was an early childhood education specialist and community activist from Boston who was instrumental in getting the state to regulate day care centers. She is credited with modernizing the day care system in Massachusetts.

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Lucy N. Colman

1817–1907

Lucy Newhall Colman (July 26, 1817 – January 18, 1906) was an American freethinker, abolitionist and feminist campaigner. She campaigned for racial justice and for the education of African Americans. Colman wrote an autobiography, called Reminiscences in…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Lucy Parsons

1851–1942

Lucy E. Parsons (c. 1851 – March 7, 1942) was an American social anarchist and later anarcho-communist, well known throughout her long life for her fiery speeches and writings. She was a founding member of the Industrial Workers of the World. There are…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Lucy Stanton

1831–1910

Lucy Stanton Day Sessions (October 16, 1831 – February 18, 1910) was an American abolitionist and feminist figure, notable for being the first African-American woman to complete a four-year course of a study at a college or university. She completed a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Lugenia Burns Hope

1871–1947

Lugenia Burns Hope (February 19, 1871 – August 14, 1947), was a social reformer whose Neighborhood Union and other community service organizations improved the quality of life for African Americans in Atlanta, Georgia, and served as a model for the future…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Time-based Media - Moving Images

Luis Zapata Oral History Interview

June 27, 2013

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The oral history consists of six digital files: 2011.174.95.1a, 2011.174.95.1b, 2011.174.95.1c, 2011.174.95.1d, 2011.174.95.1e, and 2011.174.95.1f. Luis Zapata describes his childhood in Orange County, California, and how he came to join the labor movement…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.174.95.1a-f
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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Luislinda Valois

1942–

Luislinda Dias de Valois Santos (born 20 January 1942 in Salvador) is a Brazilian jurist, magistrate and politician. Former member of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB), was minister of Human Rights. She was the third black judge to be appointed…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Furnishings, Housewares, and Décor

Lunch counter stool from Greensboro, North Carolina sit-ins

1939-1960

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A salmon colored lunch counter stool from the F. W. Woolworth department store in Greensboro, North Carolina. The back rest and frame of the seat are chrome plated metal. The back rest is made of a middle rail with two spindles attached to a top rail that…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2015.226.1
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Furnishings, Housewares, and Décor

Lunch counter stool from Greensboro, North Carolina sit-ins

1939-1960

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A green lunch counter stool from the F. W. Woolworth department store in Greensboro, North Carolina. The back rest and frame of the seat are chrome plated metal. The back rest is made of a middle rail with two spindles attached to a top rail that curves to…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2015.226.2
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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Lunsford Lane

1803–1879

Lunsford Lane (May 30, 1803 – June 27, 1879) was an entrepreneur tobacconist from North Carolina who bought freedom for himself and his family. He became a vocal abolitionist and wrote a slave narrative autobiography. His life and narrative shows the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Lurline Champagnie

Biography

Lurline Champagnie OBE, (born 1935/1936 in Jamaica), is a British politician who became the first black woman to stand as a parliamentary candidate for the Conservative Party in the 1992 general election, losing to future Labour Party leader, Jeremy…

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Lurma Rackley

1949–

Lurma M. Rackley (born April 24, 1949) is an American author, journalist and publicist. The daughter of a civil rights activist, she participated in civil rights demonstrations and was arrested 16 times before she was 13 years old. After college, she…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Luska Twyman

1913–1988

Luska Joseph Twyman (May 19, 1913 – January 28, 1988) was a Kentucky politician and educator. Twyman became Kentucky's first African American mayor in 1968 when he became mayor of Glasgow, Kentucky, the county seat for Barren County. He also was World War…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Luther Judson Price

1856–1936

Luther Judson Price (April 24, 1856 – July 3, 1936) was a businessman and civil rights activist who served as the postmaster in South Atlanta from 1889. His home is being renovated and restored. Luther Judson Price High School in Atlanta was named for him.

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Luther Porter Jackson

1892–1950

Luther Porter Jackson (July 11, 1892 – April 20, 1950) was an American historian, educator, author, and civil rights leader who advocated for voting rights in the United States. Through publishing and activism, Jackson mobilized the African American…

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BIOGRAPHY
Science & Inventions

Lyda D. Newman

1885–

Lyda D. Newman (fl. 1892–1925) was an American hairdresser and inventor who was also an activist for women's suffrage. She held a patent for a novel hairbrush.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Lydia Broadnax

1742–

Lydia "Liddy" Broadnax (c. 1742 – c. 1820s) was an American free Black woman, former enslaved person, and businesswoman who lived in Williamsburg and later Richmond, Virginia. Some historians have suggested that Broadnax was a concubine of her former…

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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.