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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Civil Rights & Public Life

Follow movements, public leaders and campaigns for rights, citizenship and representation.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Louis B. Anderson

1870–1946

Louis Bernard Anderson (April 17, 1870 – May 28, 1946) was an American politician who served as alderman of Chicago's 2nd ward from 1917 to 1933. A Republican, he served most of the Douglas community area, including much of the African-American…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Louis B. Butler

1952–

Louis Bennett Butler Jr. (born February 15, 1952) is a former justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court. Butler was appointed to the Supreme Court by Governor Jim Doyle in August 2004; his term expired on July 31, 2008.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Louis Berry

1914–1998

Louis Berry (October 9, 1914 – May 3, 1998) was the first African American permitted to practice law in his native formerly segregated city of Alexandria in Rapides Parish in Central Louisiana.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Louis E. Burnham

1915–1960

Louis Everett Burnham (September 29, 1915 – February 12, 1960) was an African-American activist and journalist. He was involved in activities emphasizing racial equality, through various left-wing organizations, campaigns and publications in both the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Arts & Performance

Louis H. Draper

1935–2002

Louis Hansel Draper (September 24, 1935 – February 18, 2002) was a New York-based American photographer known for his images of Harlem in the 1960s and was founding member of the Kamoinge Workshop. His work was featured in several volumes of the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Arts & Performance

Louis Mahoney

1938–2020

Louis Felix Danner Mahoney (; 8 September 1938 – 28 June 2020) was a Gambian-born British actor, based in Hampstead in London. He was an anti-racist activist and long-time campaigner for racial equality within the acting profession. He represented…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Louis Stedman-Bryce

1974–

Louis Stedman-Bryce (born December 1974) is a British care home director, property investor and former politician. He served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Scotland from 2019 to 2020. He was elected as a Brexit Party candidate but left…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Louis Stokes

1925–2015

Louis Stokes (February 23, 1925 – August 18, 2015) was an American attorney, civil rights pioneer and politician. He served 15 terms in the United States House of Representatives – representing the east side of Cleveland – and was the first African…

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BIOGRAPHY
Science & Inventions

Louis T. Wright

1891–1952

Louis Tompkins Wright (July 23, 1891 – October 8, 1952) was an American surgeon and civil rights activist. In his position at Harlem Hospital he was the first African-American on the surgical staff of a non-segregated hospital in New York City. He was…

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BIOGRAPHY
Military

Louis Till

1923–1945

Louis Till (February 7, 1922 – July 2, 1945) was an American soldier who served in World War II. After enlisting in the United States Army following trial for domestic violence against his estranged wife Mamie Till, and having chosen military service over…

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Louisa Matilda Jacobs

1833–1917

Louisa Matilda Jacobs (October 19, 1833 – April 5, 1917) was an African-American abolitionist and civil rights activist and the daughter of famed escaped slave and author, Harriet Jacobs. Along with her activism, she also worked as a teacher in Freedmen's…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Louise Alexander

1960–

Louise Alexander (born April 4, 1960) is an American politician who served in the Alabama House of Representatives from the 56th district from 2014 to 2022. In 2026, she was elected Mayor of Bessemer, Alabama.

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Louise Archer

1893–1948

Louise A. Reeves Archer (October 23, 1893 – April 1, 1948) was an American teacher, principal, and activist who fought to educate African Americans during the 1930s and 1940s. During this era, racial barriers severely limited a black student's access to…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Louise Bishop

1933–

Louise E. Williams Bishop (born June 27, 1933) was a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 192. Bishop has been heavily involved in radio broadcasting for many years and she was credited with keeping Philadelphia calm…

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Louise Daniel Hutchinson

1928–2014

Louise Daniel Hutchinson (June 3, 1928 – October 12, 2014) was an American historian. She was the former Director of the Research at the Anacostia Community Museum. Growing up in Washington, D.C., Hutchinson was exposed to the Civil Rights Movement and the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Louise Kerr Hines

1916–2007

Louise Kerr Hines (born Louise Lyles Kerr) (born March 15, 1916 – April 9, 2007) was an African American Civil Rights activist. In 1945, Hines, along with her father, Dr. T. Henderson Kerr, were plaintiffs in a lawsuit against the Enoch Pratt Free Library…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Louise Little

Biography

Louise Helen Norton Little (née Langdon; 1894 or 1897 – December 18, 1989) was a Grenadian-born American activist.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Louise "Mamma" Harris

Born 1891

Louise "Mamma" Harris (b. 1891) was an American labor organizer and tobacco worker. Harris became involved with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in Richmond, Virginia.

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Louise Meriwether

1923–2023

Louise Meriwether (May 8, 1923 – October 10, 2023) was an American novelist, essayist, journalist and activist, as well as a writer of biographies of historically important African Americans for children. She is best known for her first novel, Daddy Was a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Louise Thompson Patterson

1901–1999

Louise Alone Thompson Patterson (September 9, 1901 – August 27, 1999) was a prominent American social activist and college professor. Patterson's early experiences of isolation and persecution on the West Coast had a profound impact on her later activism.…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Time-based Media - Moving Images

Louise Willingham Broadway Oral History Interview

March 9, 2013

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The oral history consists of two digital files: 2011.174.68.1a and 2011.174.68.1b. Louise Willingham Broadway shares her experiences of segregated education in Baker County, Georgia, and she discusses the lessons that her parents taught her when she was a…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.174.68.1ab
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Photographs and Still Images

Louisiana Prison • New Orleans, LA

1965; printed 1998

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A black-and-white photograph of a Louisiana prison taken in 1965 by photographer Leonard Freed. The photo looks down a row of prison cells and shows the hands of prisoners reaching through cell bars into the hallway where two men stand. The date and place…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2009.10.9
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Furnishings, Housewares, and Décor

Lounge chair with red and black cover from Muse Bar, the home bar of Isaiah Muse

1970s

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A lounge chair with a red and black-patterned vinyl cover. The chair has an oversized molded seatback in a wrap bucket shape, and a padded seat with edges that flare slightly away from the back. The seat back has a cutout portion at the lower edge where…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.101.4.1
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Furnishings, Housewares, and Décor

Lounge chair with red and black cover from Muse Bar, the home bar of Isaiah Muse

1970s

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A lounge chair with a red and black-patterned vinyl cover. The chair has an oversized molded seatback in a wrap bucket shape, and a padded seat with edges that flare slightly away from the back. The seat back has a cutout portion at the lower edge where…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.101.4.2
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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.