Anarcha Westcott (c. 1828 – June 27, 1869) was an American enslaved woman who is known as the "Mother of Modern Gynaecology" for having undergone a series of experimental surgical procedures conducted by medical doctor J. Marion Sims, without the use of…
A black-and-white gelatin silver print photograph of three women engaged in a memorial ritual for enslaved African ancestors of the Middle Passage during the annual event held by the People of the Sun Middle Passage Collective in Coney Island. The women,…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2022.18.3
An archival pigment print photograph of collaged images featuring a self-portrait of the artist's grandfather, Willard Thomas. Thomas wears a Korean War-ear military uniform and stands smoking a cigarette and wearing glasses, holds a camera with both hands…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2013.77.1
Andrew Bryan (1737–1812) founded Bryan Street African Baptist Church, affectionately called the Mother Church of Black Baptists, and First African Baptist Church and First Bryan Baptist Church in Savannah, Georgia, the first black Baptist churches to be…
Andrew Harris (1814 – December 1, 1841) was an American abolitionist, minister, and the first African-American graduate of the University of Vermont (class of 1838). He was one of the first African Americans to receive a college degree in the United States…
Andrew Heath (February 20, 1832 - February 19, 1887) was a Baptist minister in Louisville, Kentucky. Andrew Heath was born in Henderson County, Kentucky on February 20, 1832. At his birth, he was a slave of a A. T. Heath. Heath was moved with his master in…
Anita L. Wills (born September 20, 1946) is an American author, historian, and social advocate known for her contributions to African American genealogy and historical preservation. She is recognized for documenting the lives of free persons of color,…
These ankle shackles consist of a two-piece cuff-like section at one end, and another cuff-like piece and locking device at the other; connected by three very heavy and elaborately incised links; all portions of this pair of shackles bear repeated…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2014.63.3
Ann Bradford Stokes (1830–1903) was an American nurse. A former slave, Stokes eventually volunteered in the United States Navy as a nurse on the USS Red Rover in 1863. She is the first American woman to receive a military pension for her own services and…
Ann-Elizabeth Fossett Isaacs (c. 1812-1902) was an African American woman who was born into slavery at Monticello, the plantation owned by then former president Thomas Jefferson. She lived there until she was around the age of fifteen with her mother, a…
Anna Madgigine Jai Kingsley, born Anta Madjiguène Ndiaye (18 June 1793 – April or May 1870), also known as Anna Kingsley, Anta Majigeen Njaay or Anna Madgigine Jai, was a West African woman from present-day Senegal, who was enslaved and sold in Cuba,…
Anna Murray Douglass (March 8, 1813 – August 4, 1882) was an American abolitionist, member of the Underground Railroad, and the first wife of American social reformer and statesman Frederick Douglass, from 1838 to her death.
Anne Rossignol (1730–1810), was a famous signare businesswoman and slave trader. Born on Gorée, she emigrated to Saint-Domingue in 1775, where she became one of the three richest free coloured businesswomen in the colony, alongside Zabeau Bellanton in…
Annice (died August 23, 1828) was the first enslaved woman known to have been executed in Missouri. She was hanged for the murders of five slave children, including two of her own. Annice was a slave in Clay County, Missouri under the control of Jeremiah…
Annie L. Burton (c. 1858 – ?) was an African American memoirist, whose life story is captured in her 1909 autobiography and slave narrative Memories of Childhood's Slavery Days. Her date of death is uncertain.
Anthony Burns (May 31, 1834 – July 17, 1862) was an African-American man who escaped from slavery in Virginia in 1854. His capture and trial in Boston, and transport back to Virginia, generated wide-scale public outrage in the North and increased support…
Antoinette Harrell (born c. 1960) is an American historian, genealogist, and civil rights activist. She is known for her research on the post-slavery peonage of African-American sharecroppers in the southern United States.