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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Slavery, Resistance & Freedom

Learn about enslavement, resistance, abolition and the struggle for freedom through biographies and historical records.

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8,921 matching cards · 24 cards per page

BIOGRAPHYPortrait not availableExplore the life, work and source references.
BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Anarcha Westcott

Biography

Anarcha Westcott (c. 1828 – June 27, 1869) was an American enslaved woman who is known as the "Mother of Modern Gynaecology" for having undergone a series of experimental surgical procedures conducted by medical doctor J. Marion Sims, without the use of…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Sacred and Ceremonial Objects

Ancestral Memorial, Coney Island

1995

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A black-and-white gelatin silver print photograph of three women engaged in a memorial ritual for enslaved African ancestors of the Middle Passage during the annual event held by the People of the Sun Middle Passage Collective in Coney Island. The women,…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2022.18.3
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Visual Arts

And Then I Shall Be Free

2008

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

An archival pigment print photograph of collaged images featuring a self-portrait of the artist's grandfather, Willard Thomas. Thomas wears a Korean War-ear military uniform and stands smoking a cigarette and wearing glasses, holds a camera with both hands…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2013.77.1
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ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Anderson – Blount Counties — Leases of Abandoned Property

Sept. 1864–Feb. 1867

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Anderson – Blount Counties”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M999, File 18.4.1
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BIOGRAPHY
Engineering

André Rebouças

1838–1898

Rebouças designed major infrastructure projects and became an influential campaigner for the abolition of slavery in Brazil.

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Andrew Bryan

1737–1812

Andrew Bryan (1737–1812) founded Bryan Street African Baptist Church, affectionately called the Mother Church of Black Baptists, and First African Baptist Church and First Bryan Baptist Church in Savannah, Georgia, the first black Baptist churches to be…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Andrew Harris (abolitionist)

1814–1841

Andrew Harris (1814 – December 1, 1841) was an American abolitionist, minister, and the first African-American graduate of the University of Vermont (class of 1838). He was one of the first African Americans to receive a college degree in the United States…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Andrew Heath (minister)

1832–1887

Andrew Heath (February 20, 1832 - February 19, 1887) was a Baptist minister in Louisville, Kentucky. Andrew Heath was born in Henderson County, Kentucky on February 20, 1832. At his birth, he was a slave of a A. T. Heath. Heath was moved with his master in…

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Anita L. Wills

1946–

Anita L. Wills (born September 20, 1946) is an American author, historian, and social advocate known for her contributions to African American genealogy and historical preservation. She is recognized for documenting the lives of free persons of color,…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Ankle shackles

1700-1850

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

These ankle shackles consist of a two-piece cuff-like section at one end, and another cuff-like piece and locking device at the other; connected by three very heavy and elaborately incised links; all portions of this pair of shackles bear repeated…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2014.63.3
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BIOGRAPHY
Medicine & Health

Ann Bradford Stokes

1830–1903

Ann Bradford Stokes (1830–1903) was an American nurse. A former slave, Stokes eventually volunteered in the United States Navy as a nurse on the USS Red Rover in 1863. She is the first American woman to receive a military pension for her own services and…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Ann-Elizabeth Fossett Isaacs

Biography

Ann-Elizabeth Fossett Isaacs (c. 1812-1902) was an African American woman who was born into slavery at Monticello, the plantation owned by then former president Thomas Jefferson. She lived there until she was around the age of fifteen with her mother, a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Anna Madgigine Jai Kingsley

1793–1870

Anna Madgigine Jai Kingsley, born Anta Madjiguène Ndiaye (18 June 1793 – April or May 1870), also known as Anna Kingsley, Anta Majigeen Njaay or Anna Madgigine Jai, was a West African woman from present-day Senegal, who was enslaved and sold in Cuba,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Anna Murray Douglass

1813–1882

Anna Murray Douglass (March 8, 1813 – August 4, 1882) was an American abolitionist, member of the Underground Railroad, and the first wife of American social reformer and statesman Frederick Douglass, from 1838 to her death.

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Anne Rossignol

1730–1810

Anne Rossignol (1730–1810), was a famous signare businesswoman and slave trader. Born on Gorée, she emigrated to Saint-Domingue in 1775, where she became one of the three richest free coloured businesswomen in the colony, alongside Zabeau Bellanton in…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Annice

Biography

Annice (died August 23, 1828) was the first enslaved woman known to have been executed in Missouri. She was hanged for the murders of five slave children, including two of her own. Annice was a slave in Clay County, Missouri under the control of Jeremiah…

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BIOGRAPHY
History & Culture

Annie Burton

1858–

Annie L. Burton (c. 1858 – ?) was an African American memoirist, whose life story is captured in her 1909 autobiography and slave narrative Memories of Childhood's Slavery Days. Her date of death is uncertain.

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ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Annual Report

Sept. 1867

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Annual Report”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1911, Item 2.3.3.1
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ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Annual Report — Charlotte (Subassistant Commissioner)

Sept. 1867

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The unbound annual report is dated September 1867.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1909, File 4.3.7
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ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Annual Report — Surgeon

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The unbound annual report covers the month of September 1867.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1911, File 2.3.3
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ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Annual Reports

Oct. 1866–Sept. 1868

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Annual Reports”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1905, Item 3.2.1.1
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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Anthony Burns

1834–1862

Anthony Burns (May 31, 1834 – July 17, 1862) was an African-American man who escaped from slavery in Virginia in 1854. His capture and trial in Boston, and transport back to Virginia, generated wide-scale public outrage in the North and increased support…

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BIOGRAPHY
Scholarship

Antoinette Harrell

1960–

Antoinette Harrell (born c. 1960) is an American historian, genealogist, and civil rights activist. She is known for her research on the post-slavery peonage of African-American sharecroppers in the southern United States.

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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Apalachicola – Magnolia

Nov. 1865–Oct. 1867

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Apalachicola – Magnolia”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1869, Item 1.3.1.1
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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.