Inola Henry (November 15, 1942 – July 26, 2009) was an educator, union leader, and American Democratic Party leader who was chair of the resolutions committee of the California Democratic Party, Democratic National Committee member, and a Superdelegate to…
This black and white photograph shows the interior of Ebenezer Baptist Church during the birthday commemoration for Martin Luther King Jr. in 1969. The seated audience can be seen in front of the camera facing the attendees seated on the chancel and Ralph…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.94.14
Black leather-bound instructions manual created by the Pullman Company for its Porters, Attendants and Busboys dated August 1, 1952. At the left corner in silver ink is a small box with the title inside. On the front free endpaper is a fill-in name plate…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.46.75.5
16mm black and white film (a) about marches, protests, and events during the Civil Rights Movement around 1960. The film opens in Montgomery, Alabama with accompanying music and voiceover narration. The footage documents demonstrators marching to the steps…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2015.235.1.1a
A black-and-white photograph of three election posters on a wall promoting Fannie Lou Hamer, Lyndon Johnson, and Hubert Humphrey, each of which begins "FREEDOM MEANS." Below there is a SCLC FREEDOM NOW pennant.
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.169.1
A pamphlet titled International Pamphlets No. 18. The front cover features white text on a black background. The interior consists of thirty-one pages of text. The back of the pamphlet has an advertisement for International Publishers.
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2010.55.27
This is a round pinback button for Forum ’85 belonging to Etta Moten Barnett. It is a bright blue with white text across the top and bottom. Text at the top reads “FORUM / ’85.” In place of the letter ‘o’ is a small graphic of a globe. Text across the…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog A2022.13.1.71
An Interworld Marketing Inc. badminton racket from the Rock Rest Tourist Home. The string area is completely strung. The wooden frame has blue painted detailing at the throat and at the bottom of the shaft above the handle. On one side, at the throat, is a…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.12.47.1
A single page document adhered to page 23 of Frances Albirer's scrapbook (2010.60.1) introducing a section of photographs in the scrapbook. The page has a heading with "CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION PROJECT" typewritten in black ink across the top center of the…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2010.60.1.26
An invitation from Prime Minister Maurice Bishop to attend a reception celebrating the Second Festival of the Revolution. The party is being thrown by the political party in power, the People's Revolutionary Government. The back of the document is blank.
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2010.55.74.2
Ira Foster Lewis (August 25, 1883 - September 4, 1948) was an American sportswriter, executive editor, president, and business manager of the Pittsburgh Courier. He was involved in the Double V campaign to grant full citizenship rights to African American…
Irene "Renie" Dobbs Jackson (née Dobbs, 1908–1999) was an American professor of French at Spelman College and a civil rights activist who helped desegregate Atlanta's public libraries, where African American patrons were only allowed to read books in the…
Irene W. Griffin (November 10, 1927 - March 27, 2012) was an African-American activist, and the first black woman to register to vote in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana. She was married to Rev. Percy Murphy Griffin, also a civil rights activist in that…
Irene McCoy Gaines (October 25, 1892 – April 7, 1964) was an American social worker and civil rights activist who fought against segregation throughout her adult life.
Irene Moorman Blackstone (January 1872 – after 1944) was an African-American businesswoman and club member who became active in the fight for women's suffrage. Along with Alva Belmont, she initiated the interracial cooperation of women in the drive for…
Irene Amos Morgan (April 9, 1917 – August 10, 2007), later known as Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, was an African-American woman from Baltimore, Maryland, who was arrested in Middlesex County, Virginia, in 1944 under a state law imposing racial segregation in…
Iris Duane (born 2002 or 2003) is a Scottish Greens politician who has been a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Glasgow region since 2026.
Iris Rideau (born c. 1937) is a French Creole winemaker, businesswoman and activist. She is the first Creole-American winemaker to own and operate a winery in the United States.
Irma Louise Anderson (née Husbands; January 18, 1931 – January 28, 2024) was an American politician who was the elected mayor of the city of Richmond, California, serving between 2001 and 2006. She ran for re-election as the incumbent Democrat in the 2006…
Irma Clark-Coleman (April 14, 1937 – June 10, 2025) was an American politician from Michigan. She was a Democratic member of the Michigan Senate, representing the 3rd district from 2003 to 2010. Previously she was a member of the Michigan House of…
Irma George Dixon (1911 – June 30, 1965) was a Maryland educator and politician. In 1958 she and Verda Freeman Welcome became the first two African American women elected to the Maryland General Assembly.