An oral history interview and conversation with historian Dr. Frank Smith, Ph.D. It consists of three versions of a digital video recording, two camera card files (2025.12.4.1.1 and 2025.12.4.1.2, .mxf files) and one edited file (2025.12.4.1.3, .mov file).…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2025.12.4.1
Frank White Jr. (born September 4, 1950) is an American politician and former professional baseball player, coach, and television sports commentator who is currently the first base coach for the Kansas City Monarchs of the American Association of…
Marie Frankie Muse Freeman (née Muse; November 24, 1916 – January 12, 2018) was an American civil rights attorney, and the first woman to be appointed to the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1964–79), a federal fact-finding body that investigates…
Franklin D. Cooke Jr. (born July 21, 1958) is an American politician. He is a Democratic member of the Delaware House of Representatives, representing District 16.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Florence Sr. (August 9, 1933 – February 1, 2023) was an American Christian minister who was heavily involved in civil rights work in Rochester, New York, for five decades. He was most well known as the founder and first president…
Franklin Hall Williams (October 22, 1917 – May 20, 1990) was an American lawyer and civil rights activist. As an assistant to Thurgood Marshall, he represented the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People before courts in criminal cases…
Franklin Eugene McCain (January 3, 1941 – January 9, 2014) was an American civil rights activist and member of the Greensboro Four. McCain, along with fellow North Carolina A&T State University students Ezell Blair Jr., Joseph McNeil and David Richmond,…
Franklin Sinclair (unknown – April 16, 1868) was an African American teacher and political activist in Ouachita Parish, Louisiana. He was assassinated the day before an election in which he was the Republican nominee for a seat in the Louisiana House of…
Frantz Benjamin is a Canadian politician and poet, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2018 provincial election. He represents the electoral district of Viau as a member of the Quebec Liberal Party. He is the third vice-president of…
Fred Carter (June 22, 1938 – May 9, 2022) was an American comic book artist known for the work he did on Jack Chick's tracts which promote Protestant fundamentalism.
Frederick Durhal III (born April 1, 1984) is an American politician who served as a member of the Detroit City Council from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party, Durhal served as a member of the Michigan House of Representatives from 2015 to…
Fred David Gray (born December 14, 1930) is an American civil rights attorney, preacher, activist, and state legislator from Alabama. He handled many prominent civil rights cases, such as Browder v. Gayle, and was elected to the Alabama House of…
Fredrick Allen Hampton Sr. (August 30, 1948 – December 4, 1969) was an African American revolutionary and political activist who served as deputy chairman of the Black Panther Party, a Marxist–Leninist and black power organization from 1966 until his…
Frederick Douglas Hodges (19 April 1918 - 21 July 1999) was a Canadian labour leader, civil rights activist, politician and humanitarian. Born in Saint John, New Brunswick, Hodges was the first visible minority elected in the Saint John City Council.
Fred J. Luter Jr. (born November 11, 1956, in New Orleans) is an American Baptist pastor. He is the senior pastor of Franklin Avenue Baptist Church, based in New Orleans.
Freddie Lee Shuttlesworth (born Freddie Lee Robinson, March 18, 1922 – October 5, 2011) was an American Baptist minister and civil rights activist who led fights against segregation and other forms of racism, during the civil rights movement. He often…
Fred Lee Valentine (January 19, 1935 – December 26, 2022) was an American professional baseball outfielder. He appeared in 533 games over all or part of seven seasons in Major League Baseball for the Baltimore Orioles (1959, 1963, and 1968) and Washington…
Fredd Atkins, born June 19, 1952, is a former mayor and the first African American mayor of Sarasota, Florida. He served as a city commissioner of Sarasota for 18 years and also ran for Sarasota County Commissioner. Atkins ran for the Sarasota County…
Fredda Witherspoon (1923 or 1924–1996), formerly Fredda Crawford, was an educator and activist in St. Louis, Missouri. She was also known for her close ties to the community, serving as the president of the Missouri Conference of the NAACP and as vice…
Freddrenna Margaret Lyle (born June 1, 1951) is an American jurist and former Chicago alderman who serves as a justice of the Illinois Appellate Court, First District, appointed on December 2, 2022, by the Illinois Supreme Court. Lyle previously served as…
Frederica Chase Dodd (November 3, 1893 – January 21, 1972) was an American educator, social worker, and clubwoman, one of the founders of Delta Sigma Theta.
Frederick Albert Clinton (March 1, 1834 - September 21, 1890) was a delegate to the 1868 South Carolina Constitutional Convention, state legislator, trial justice, and militia officer. He represented Lancaster County, South Carolina in the South Carolina…
