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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Business & Enterprise

Learn how entrepreneurs and institutions built livelihoods, opportunities and communities.

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Sam Greenlee

1930–2014

Samuel Eldred Greenlee, Jr. (July 13, 1930 – May 19, 2014) was an American writer of fiction and poetry. He is best known for his novel The Spook Who Sat by the Door, first published in March 1969 in London by the recently founded small imprint Allison &…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Sam Gyimah

1976–

Samuel Phillip Gyimah ( ; born 10 August 1976) is a British politician and banker who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for East Surrey from 2010 to 2019. First elected as a Conservative, Gyimah rebelled against the government to block a no-deal…

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BIOGRAPHY
Arts & Performance

Sam Middleton

1927–2015

Sam Middleton (April 2, 1927 – July 19, 2015) was an American mixed-media artist from New York City. He travelled all over the world with the US Merchant Marine, lived in Mexico and Sweden and eventually settled down in the Netherlands, where he "was part…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Sampson W. Keeble

1833–1887

Sampson W. Keeble (May 18, 1833 – June 19, 1887) was a businessman and politician in Tennessee during the Reconstruction era. In 1872, he was the first African American elected to the Tennessee Legislature, serving from 1873 to 1875 in the Tennessee House…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Accessories and Personal Effects

Samsonite hat box suitcase from Mae's Millinery Shop

1941-1994

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Light brown hard plastic Samsonite hat box suitcase with pale green synthetic fabric lining. The suitcase closes with two (2) metal spring-action latches on either side of the handle. The handle is made from a loop of brown plastic attached to the body of…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2016.48.43
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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Samuel Armstead

Biography

Samuel Armstead (né Samuel Ball; c. 1804–October 4, 1908) was an American politician, Methodist minister, restaurateur, and was formerly enslaved. An African American, he served in the Louisiana House of Representatives, established a church, and started a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Samuel B. Fuller

1905–1988

S. B. Fuller (June 4, 1905 – October 24, 1988) was an American entrepreneur. He was founder and president of the Fuller Products Company, publisher of the New York Age and Pittsburgh Courier, head of the South Side Chicago NAACP, president of the National…

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Samuel Benjamin Morse

1852–1909

Samuel Benjamin Morse (December 6, 1852 – May 30, 1909) was an African American educator. He was one of the first students admitted to Atlanta University (now Clark Atlanta University). He was the founding director of the Department of Music at Savannah…

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BIOGRAPHY
Journalism

Samuel Cornish

1795–1858

Samuel Eli Cornish (1795 – November 6, 1858) was an American Presbyterian minister, abolitionist, publisher, and journalist. He was a leader in New York City's small free black community, where he organized the first congregation of black Presbyterians in…

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BIOGRAPHY
Medicine & Health

Samuel E. Courtney

Biography

Samuel Edward Courtney (c. 1860 – June 1, 1941), also known as S. E. Courtney, was an American physician, teacher, and politician in Boston. He was a founding member of the National Negro Business League.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel E. Gaillard

Biography

Samuel Eden Gaillard (c. 1839–1879) was an African-American businessman and politician during the Reconstruction era in South Carolina. He represented Charleston County in the state senate from 1871 until 1877, when he resigned after Democrats regained…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Samuel J. W. Spurgeon

Born 1861

Samuel James Wheeler Spurgeon (October 25, 1861 – death date unknown) was an American minister, a publisher, and editor. He founded and edited the Christian Worker; and was a contributing editor of The Messenger, a weekly published in Lexington, Kentucky.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel L. Duncan

Dates not recorded

Samuel L. Duncan was a farmer, educator, and minister who served as a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1872 until 1876 and in the South Carolina Senate from 1876 until 1880. A Republican, he represented Orangeburg. He opposed a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Samuel Oboh

1971–

Samuel Óghalé Oboh (born March 27, 1971) is a Canadian architect, manager, leader, former Vice President - Architecture at AECOM Canada Architects Ltd - a Fortune 500 Company and the 2015 President of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (RAIC). Sam…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel P. Bolling

1819–1900

Samuel P. Bolling (January 10, 1819 – February 8, 1900) was an African-American landowner, politician, businessman, and former slave who served in the Virginia House of Delegates. In 2013 Bolling, along with his son Phillip S. Bolling, was one of several…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel Peters

Biography

Samuel H. Peters (c. 1835 – October 1, 1873) was an American businessman and politician from Louisiana. A Republican, he was elected to the United States House of Representatives for Louisiana's 4th congressional district in 1872, but he died from…

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BIOGRAPHY
Arts & Performance

Samuel Plato

1882–1957

Samuel M. Plato (1882–1957) was an American architect and building contractor in the United States. His work includes federal housing projects and U.S. post offices, as well as private homes, banks, churches, and schools. During World War II, the Alabama…

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BIOGRAPHY
Inventions

Samuel R. Scottron

1841–1905

Samuel Raymond Scottron (c. February 1841 – October 14, 1908) was an African-American inventor, merchant, and businessman. He received six patents throughout his career for inventions including an improved mirror, a curtain rod, a supporting bracket, a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Samuel Wilson Rutherford

1866–1952

Samuel Wilson Rutherford (September 15, 1866 – January 18, 1952) was an American businessman who founded the National Benefit Insurance Company in Washington, D.C. In 1927, he won the first award and gold medal of the Harmon award, for "his sound…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Sandie Okoro

1964–

Sandie Okoro OBE (; born 1964) is a British lawyer who served as general counsel of Standard Chartered Bank, until 2024 and Chancellor of the University of Birmingham. She previously served as senior vice-president and general counsel at the World Bank…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Sandy Cornish

1793–1869

Sandy Cornish (1793–1869) was an African American farmer, businessperson, and civic leader in Key West, Florida. As a former slave who purchased his freedom, he publicly maimed himself to prevent being returned to slavery.

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BIOGRAPHY
Architecture

Sanford Augustus Brookins

1877–1968

Sanford Augustus Brookins (1877–1968), also known as Sanford Augustus Brookings, was an American architect, builder, and businessperson. In the early 20th century, he was one of two African-American architect-builders in Jacksonville, Florida. He was…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Sara Lomax-Reese

Biography

Sara Lomax-Reese is an American journalist, media executive and entrepreneur. Lomax-Reese is the president and CEO of WURD Radio, the only African-American owned talk radio station in Pennsylvania. She is the co-founder of URL Media along with S. Mitra Kalita.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Sara Spencer Washington

Biography

Sara Spencer Washington (June 17, 1883 – March 23, 1953) was the founder of Apex News and Hair Company and was honored at the 1939 New York World's Fair as one of the "Most Distinguished Businesswomen" for her Apex empire of beauty products, schools, and…

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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.