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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Business & Enterprise

Learn how entrepreneurs and institutions built livelihoods, opportunities and communities.

Explore Series 1 categories · Artifact discovery board

4,830 matching cards · 24 cards per page

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert Lloyd Smith

1861–1942

Robert Lloyd Smith (January 8, 1861 – July 10, 1942) was an educator, businessman, and Republican politician who served two terms in the Texas Legislature. Born a free black in Charleston, South Carolina in 1861, he moved to Texas about 1880. He served as…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Robert P. Braddicks

1882–1965

Robert P. Braddicks (1882–1965) was a leading African American businessman in New York City in the first half of the 20th century.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Robert Reed Church

1839–1912

Robert Reed Church Sr. (June 18, 1839 – August 29, 1912) was an American entrepreneur, businessman and landowner in Memphis, Tennessee, the first African-American millionaire in the South. Church built great wealth and influence in the business community.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Robert Reffkin

1979–

Robert L. Reffkin is an American entrepreneur who co-founded the online real estate brokerage Compass, Inc.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Robert Rochon Taylor

1899–1957

Robert Rochon Taylor (April 12, 1899 – March 1, 1957) was an American housing advocate and banker. A founder of the Illinois Federal Savings and Loan, a mortgager for black residents of Chicago's South Side, Taylor was the first black member of the Chicago…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Robert T. Bess

Born 1889

Robert Theophilus Bess Jr. (February 5, 1889 – after October 1958) was a British Guiana-born American stockbroker, civil rights activist, public relations manager, and pharmacist. He founded the R. T. Bess Company in New York City, a stock brokerage firm,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert W. Scales

1926–2000

Robert Winston "T-90" ("Tee-Niny") Scales, born June 22, 1926, died October 30, 2000, was an American civic leader, politician, and small business owner in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. Scales was the first African-American elected to the City Council of…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Robin R. Sanders

1954–

Robin Renee Sanders (born 1954) is the former U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of the Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) from 2003 to 2005, and to Nigeria from 2007 to 2010. She is a 2010 D.Sc. graduate of Robert Morris University and served as Deputy Commandant at…

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Robin Wilson

1969–

Robin Wilson (born September 26, 1969) is an American entrepreneur, author, interior designer, and thought leader on Clean Design expert and a wellness/sustainability advocate. Inc magazine selected Robin Wilson for the Female Founders 100 (October 2020),…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Robyne Robinson

1961–

Robyne Robinson (born 1961 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American television journalist and entrepreneur. She ran as a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota in 2010.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Rocko

1979–

Rodney Ramone Hill Jr. (born December 28, 1979), known professionally as Rocko, is an American rapper and record executive from Atlanta, Georgia. He is credited with discovering fellow Atlanta-based rapper Future, who signed with Hill's record label, A1…

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BIOGRAPHY
Engineering

Rod Adkins

1958–

Rodney C. "Rod" Adkins (born August 23, 1958) is an electrical engineer, philanthropist and American business executive. He was a leader in solutions ranging from mobile devices to the world's largest supercomputers at International Business Machines…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Rodney O'Neal

Biography

Rodney O'Neal is an American businessman. He served as the president and chief executive officer of Delphi Automotive.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Rodney Smith

Biography

Rodney Smith is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, and skate company founder from New York City.

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BIOGRAPHY
Music

Roi Heenok

1973–

Henoc Beauséjour (French pronunciation: [enɔk boseʒuʁ]; born November 18, 1973), known by his stage name Roi Heenok (), is a Canadian rapper, producer and entrepreneur of Haitian descent from Montreal, Quebec.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Romeo Miller

1989–

Percy Romeo Miller (born August 19, 1989), also known by his stage name Romeo (formerly Lil' Romeo), is an American rapper, singer, actor and television personality. He gained fame as a rapper in the early 2000s after signing with his father, Master P's…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Ron Brown

1941–1996

Ronald Harmon Brown (August 1, 1941 – April 3, 1996) was an American politician and lobbyist who served as the 30th United States secretary of commerce during the first term of President Bill Clinton. Before this, he was chairman of the Democratic National…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Ronald "Slim" Williams

1964–

Ronald Jay "Slim" Williams (born November 11, 1964) is an American entrepreneur and record executive who co-founded the record label Cash Money Records in 1991, with his younger brother, rapper Bryan "Birdman" Williams. He and Bryan have served as…

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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Rooming List

n.d.

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Rooming List” (Text).

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.A2013.149.3, Item 4
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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Rosa Lula Barnes

1868–1917

Rosa Lula Barnes (August 22, 1868 – 1917) was a grocer, real estate investor and community leader Savannah, Georgia, United States.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Rosalind Brewer

1962–

Rosalind G. Brewer (born 1962) is an American businesswoman and former CEO of Walgreens Boots Alliance, before stepping down in September 2023. Brewer is the first woman to become CEO of Walgreens Boots Alliance, group president and COO of Starbucks, and…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Rosalind Juanita Harris

1950–

Rosalind Juanita "Bee" Harris (born March 19, 1950) is the founder of Denver Urban Spectrum, a monthly newspaper for people of color in Colorado. She founded the Urban Spectrum Youth Foundation in 2000.

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Sacred and Ceremonial Objects

Rosary from Mae's Millinery Shop

1941-1994

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A rosary consisting of a string of wooden beads joined with metal. An oval medallion is at the center front of the rosary, depicting Christ in profile on one side and Mary on the other. A hole for a cross or other element that is now missing is placed at…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2010.6.91
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BIOGRAPHY
Education

Roscoe Conkling Bruce

1879–1950

Roscoe Conkling Bruce, Senior (21 April 1879 – 16 August 1950) was an African-American educator who was known for stressing the value of practical industrial and business skills as opposed to academic disciplines. Later he administered the Dunbar…

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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.