El Young Lord newspaper, volume 1, number 5 from July 2, 1971. The front cover of the newspaper has a dark plum colored, central rectangle covering the whole of the page. In the lower two-thirds of the cover is a drawn graphic of a profile portrait of…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2014.109.7.11
A black-and-white photograph of Elaine Brown, by Platon. The close-up of Brown depicts only her face in heavy shadow. Her face is titled toward the left edge of the photograph, and she is looking up and to the right and has a serious expression on her…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2021.33.6
Elaine Brown (born March 2, 1943) is an American prison activist, writer, singer, and former Black Panther Party chairwoman who is based in Oakland, California. Brown briefly ran for the Green Party presidential nomination in 2008. She is the COO of…
Elaine R. Jones (born March 2, 1944) is an American civil rights attorney and activist. She joined the NAACP Legal Defense Fund (LDF) in 1970 and in 1993 became the organization's first female director-counsel and president.
Elaine M. O'Neal (born 1962) is an American attorney, academic administrator, judge, and politician who served as the mayor of Durham, North Carolina from 2021 to 2023. O'Neal is the city's first female African-American mayor. Prior to serving as mayor,…
C. Elaine Parker, born Cora Elaine Smith (June 11, 1926 – December 30, 2009), was an American community activist who promoted and directed social, political, economic, and environmental change in Harlem.
Elamin Abdelmahmoud (born March 10, 1988) is a Canadian writer, culture and politics commentator, and broadcaster based in Toronto, Ontario. He is best known as a culture writer for BuzzFeed and as a CBC Radio podcast and network radio host. In November…
Elbert Lee Guillory (born June 24, 1944) is an American politician who is a former member of the Louisiana State Senate. A Republican, he represented District 24, including his native Opelousas, and several rural precincts, from May 2, 2009, when he won a…
Elbra Mae Wedgeworth (born 1956) is a civil servant in Denver, Colorado. Wedgeworth is the only person in recent history to hold positions in all three branches of Denver's city government.
Leroy Eldridge Cleaver (August 31, 1935 – May 1, 1998) was an African American writer and political activist. He was an early leader of the Black Panther Party, serving as Minister of Information and, while in exile, head of the International Section of…
A black-and-white photograph of Leroy Eldridge Cleaver with his wife Kathleen, and a portrait of Huey Newton on the wall above his head. Kathleen has her arm draped over Eldridge Cleaver’s shoulder and is seated on his lap or on the arm of his chair or couch.
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.107.26
Eldridge Hawkins (born September 4, 1940) is an American lawyer and Democratic Party politician who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1972 to 1978. During that time he served as the Chairman of the Assembly's Judiciary, Law, Public Safety and…
Eleanor Katherine Holmes Norton (née Holmes; born June 13, 1937) is an American politician, lawyer, and human rights activist. Norton is a congressional delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives, where she has represented the District of Columbia since…
Eleanor Dickey Ragsdale (February 23, 1926 – May 5, 1998) was an American educator, entrepreneur, and activist in the Civil Rights Movement in the Phoenix area. In 2023, Ragsdale was inducted into the Arizona Women's Hall of Fame.
A black and white photograph of Eleanor Roosevelt standing in front of an American flag and behind a microphone. Roosevelt is wearing a dress and a hat.
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2014.276.2.5
Eleanor Patricia Smith (born 5 July 1957) is a British Labour politician and trade unionist who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Wolverhampton South West from 2017 to 2019. She served as the President of the trade union Unison from 2011 to 2012,…
Eli Barnes was an American politician. He was a representative in the Georgia Assembly as a Republican during the Reconstruction Era. A former slave who worked as a mechanic, he was African American. He was elected in 1868 and represented Hancock County,…
Elias Camp Morris (May 7, 1855 – September 5, 1922) was an American minister, politician, and businessman. Born a slave, Morris attended seminary then preached at Centennial Baptist Church in Helena, Arkansas. He rose to prominence among black Baptists,…
Elias Hill (c. 1819 - March 28, 1872) was a Baptist minister and leader of a York County, South Carolina congregation that emigrated to Arthington, Liberia. In May 1871, during the Reconstruction era, he was among the victims in a series of attacks in York…
Elias Mayes (February 15, 1831 – January 5, 1910) was an American politician, farmer, and Methodist Episcopal minister who served as a member of the Texas House of Representatives. He was elected as a Republican to the Texas Sixteenth and Twenty-first…
Elie Ying Mystal (born May 10, 1978) is an American political commentator, writer and former litigator. He is the justice correspondent at The Nation, where he writes about the courts and the criminal justice system.
Elijah Baldwin was an American state legislator during the Reconstruction era in Alabama. He represented Wilcox County, Alabama, in the Alabama House of Representatives. He also served as a constable in Wilcox County.
Elijah Cook (born c. 1835 –August 20, 1916) was an American community leader, organizer of schools, and legislator from Montgomery, Alabama. A former slave, he helped establish Montgomery's first school for African Americans in 1865 after the American…
