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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Slavery, Resistance & Freedom

Learn about enslavement, resistance, abolition and the struggle for freedom through biographies and historical records.

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8,921 matching cards · 24 cards per page

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

David Anthony Durham

1969

David Anthony Durham is an American novelist, author of historical fiction and fantasy. Durham's first novel, Gabriel's Story, centered on African American settlers in the American West. Walk Through Darkness followed a runaway slave during the tense times…

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BIOGRAPHY
Visual Arts

David Bustill Bowser

1820–1900

David Bustill Bowser (January 16, 1820, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – June 30, 1900, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was a 19th-century African-American ornamental artist, portraitist, and social activist. He designed battle flags for eleven African-American…

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

David George

Biography

David George (c. 1742–1810) was an African-American Baptist preacher and a Black Loyalist from the American South who escaped to British lines in Savannah, Georgia; later he accepted transport to Nova Scotia and land there. He eventually resettled in…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

David Jenkins

Biography

David Jenkins (c. 1811 – September 4, 1876) was an abolitionist, civil rights campaigner, newspaper founder, and politician in Columbus, Ohio and Mississippi. He served as a state legislator in the Mississippi House of Representatives.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

David Leroy Nickens

1794–1838

Rev. David Leroy Nickens (1794–1838) was a freed slave who was born in Virginia. Nickens was the first African-American licensed minister in Ohio in July, 1824.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

David Medlock Jr.

1824–

David Medlock Jr. (c. 1824 – ?) served in the Texas legislature during the Reconstruction era. He was born in Georgia to a family held as slaves that was relocated to Texas. After emancipation he settled in Limestone County, Texas with family members. He…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

David Ruggles

1810–1849

David Ruggles (March 15, 1810 – December 16, 1849) was an African-American abolitionist in New York who resisted slavery by his participation in a Committee of Vigilance, which worked on the Underground Railroad to help fugitive slaves reach free states.…

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BIOGRAPHY
History & Culture

David W. Williams

1910–2000

David Welford Williams (March 20, 1910 – May 6, 2000) was an American attorney and United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California, the first African-American federal judge west of the Mississippi. He…

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

David Walker

1796–1830

David Walker (September 28, 1796 – August 6, 1830) was an American abolitionist, writer, and anti-slavery activist. Though his father was enslaved, his mother was free; therefore, he was free as well (partus sequitur ventrem). In 1829, while living in…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Photographs and Still Images

"Dawn at Myrtle Grove"

2003

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A digital photograph taken on Myrtle Grove Plantation in White Hall, South Carolina. The sun can be seen brightly shining close to the image’s right corner. It appears white against the photo’s pink hue, with bright yellow rays emanating from it.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2014.216.117
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Books and Published Materials

De la Littérature des Nègres, ou recherches sur leurs facultés intellectuelles, leurs qualités morales et leur littérature; suivi de Notices sur la vie et les ouvrages des nègres qui se sont distingués dans les Sciences, les Lettres et les Arts

1808

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A first edition of De la Littérature des Nègres by Henri Grégoire, printed in 1808 in Paris, France, for bookseller Chez Maradan. The text contains biographical portraits of fifteen prominent Black individuals, including Francis Williams, Phillis Wheatley,…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog A2021.113.1.16
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Debarking tool head

mid 19th-mid 20th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The debarking tool, or scratcher head, is constructed from iron. It is roughly J-shaped with a squared metal hook that ends in a rounded tip. The hook is attached to an oval tube with a V-shape cutout near the attachment point. The bottom edge of the…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.23.60
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Debarking tool head

mid 19th-mid 20th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A debarking tool, or scratcher head, used to debark trees for the turpentine industry. The tool is constructed from iron. It is roughly J-shaped with a squared hook that ends in a curved rounded tip. The hook has a stirrup shaped attachment at the bottom.…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.23.9
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Debarking tool with a metal handle

mid 19th-mid 20th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A debarking tool, or scratcher, with a metal handle. The handle is long, has a rounded shaft, and threading at the top of the handle. The handle is hallow and is stoppered with black material embedded with fibers. At the end of the handle is a metal…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.23.24
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Debarking tool with a wooden handle

mid 19th-mid 20th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A debarking tool, or scratcher, with a wooden handle. The handle is long and has a rounded shaft. At the end of the handle is a metal stirrup shaped attachment. The attachment has a wide cutting edge. The shank of the attachment is embedded in the back of…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.23.20
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BIOGRAPHY
Military

Decatur Dorsey

Biography

Decatur Dorsey (c. 1836 – July 11, 1891) was a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of the Crater. Born into slavery, Dorsey enlisted in…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Visual Arts

Deception

1997

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

This silkscreen print depicts four soldiers standing around a single seated man. The four soldiers stand with drawn swords pointed at the seated man. Two of the soldiers, with their backs to the viewer, wear long black coats. The other two soldiers wear…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2008.12.15
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Decorative architectural element shaped like an acanthus leaf

1751

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Decorative architectural element shaped like an acanthus leaf from a building in Charleston, South Carolina erected in 1751. The base of the element is a wooden rectangle, with a mounting post at the bottom, constructed from four pieces of wood and held…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.21.49
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Decorative ironwork hook

19th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A decorative hook constructed from a single piece of metal. The mounting bracket of the hook is flat and projects vertically from the base. It has two drilled holes for wall mounting. The base of the hook is flat and horizontal and curves at the front into…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.23.78
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Decorative wrought iron fashioned by Peter Simmons

19th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A scrolled decorative piece of wrought iron fashioned by Peter Simmons, a formerly enslaved blacksmith. The black iron is scrolled into an S shape with the top and bottom scrolled in the same direction. The scroll on the top is smaller than the scroll on…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.24.3
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Decorative wrought iron fashioned by Peter Simmons

19th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A scrolled decorative piece of wrought iron fashioned by Peter Simmons, a formerly enslaved blacksmith. The two (2) pieces of fencing are connected at the top and bottom with two (2) screws. The fencing is scrolled outwards on the top and the bottom. In…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.24.4
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Decorative wrought iron fashioned by Peter Simmons

19th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A scrolled decorative piece of wrought iron fashioned by Peter Simmons, a formerly enslaved blacksmith. The black iron is scrolled into an S shape with the top and bottom scrolled in the same direction. The scrolls are the same size. There is a rivet and a…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2017.108.24.5
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BIOGRAPHY
Arts & Performance

Dede Ayite

Biography

Dede Ayite is a Ghanaian-American costume designer. She won the 2024 Tony Award for Best Costume Design of a Play for her work on Jaja's African Hair Braiding, and has received 5 other Tony nominations for costume design. She is best known for her work…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Deed of sale for an enslaved man named Cane

February 10, 1859

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

This record of a deed of sale records the sale of an enslaved man named Cane (born 1840) by Charnell H. Durham to Benjamin F. Jenkins, both of De Soto Parish, Louisiana, on February 10, 1859. Cane was described as "of light complexion aged about nineteen…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2015.222.2
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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.