A satirical illustrated card about the Civil Rights Act of 1866, titled "Civil Rights! Miscegenation Allowed by Congress, Despite the Veto of the President". The illustration shows a white bride and a caricatured Black groom appearing before a minister.…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2020.26.39
A fourteen-page pamphlet of a speech by Representative Hon. Alonzo J. Ransier, of South Carolina. It is a narrow rectangular bound pamphlet of off-white paper with black printed text. The cover text reads [Civil Rights. / SPEECH / of/ HON. ALONZO J.…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2021.58.1
Clara Ann Thompson (1869–1949) was an African-American poet, teacher and civil rights advocate. Thompson was born in Rossmoyne, Ohio. Thompson's parents, John Henry and Clara Jane Gray Thompson, were previously enslaved in Virginia. Thompson's most notable…
Clara Burnett (born August 28, 1941) is an American Democratic politician. She served as a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives from the 9th District from 2004 to 2015.
Clara Day (August 29, 1923 – February 1, 2015) was an American trade unionist and civil rights activist. She was a member of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters.
Clara McBride Hale (April 1, 1905 – December 18, 1992), also known as Mother Hale, was an American humanitarian who founded the Hale House Center], a home for disadvantaged children and children who were born addicted to drugs in the Harlem section of New…
Clara Louise Payne (1882–1958) was a prominent civic leader in Buffalo, New York. She was the first African American person to work in the Department of Public Welfare as a social worker, and was known for her active engagement to uplift her Black community.
Clara Shepard Luper (born Clara Mae Shepard May 3, 1923 – June 8, 2011) was a civic leader, schoolteacher, and pioneering leader in the American Civil Rights Movement. She is best known for her leadership role in the 1958 Oklahoma City sit-in movement, as…
Clarence Benjamin Jones (January 8, 1931 – May 22, 2026) was an American lawyer and the personal counsel, advisor, draft speech writer and close friend of Martin Luther King Jr. He was a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest…
The oral history consists of twelve digital files: 2011.174.84.1a, 2011.174.84.1b, 2011.174.84.1c, 2011.174.84.1d, 2011.174.84.1e, 2011.174.84.1f, 2011.174.84.1g, 2011.174.84.1h, 2011.174.84.1i, 2011.174.84.1j, and 2011.174.84.1k, 2011.174.84.1l. Dr.…
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.174.84.1a-l
Clarence Hylan Beavers (June 12, 1921 – December 4, 2017) was an American United States Army sergeant and paratrooper who served with the first all-black airborne unit, the 555th Parachute Infantry Battalion, during World War II. He was part of the…
Clarence M. Dunnaville Jr. (born 1933) is an American lawyer and civil rights activist, honored for his career achievements by the Virginia State Bar, as well as by the Library of Virginia.
Clarence E. Anthony (born October 10, 1959) is an American politician. In 1984, he was elected as the mayor of South Bay, Florida when he was 24 years old, and served until 2008. In 1999 he served as President of the National League of Cities (NLC) and in…
Clarence Delmonte Funnyé was the chairman of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) in Harlem from 1964 to 1965. He staged a series of creative protests that promoted policies of radical integrationism and challenged "the exclusion of blacks in the media."…
Clarence Henry "Du" Burns (September 13, 1918 – January 12, 2003) was a Democratic politician and the first African American mayor of Baltimore, Maryland in 1987.
Clarence "Jeep" Jones (April 17, 1933 – February 1, 2020) was an American community activist who was closely tied to the Roxbury neighborhood of Boston throughout his personal and professional life. Jones was the first African-American Deputy Mayor of the…
Clarence L. Irving, Sr. (1924–2014) was an American cultural activist and mentor who made significant contributions to African-American history and heritage.
Clarence Lee Townes Jr. (January 21, 1928 – January 11, 2017) was an American businessperson, politician, and civic activist from Richmond, Virginia. He served as an officer with the U.S. Army in the Korean War.
Clarence Everett Lightner (August 15, 1921 – July 8, 2002) was an American politician and mortician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as Mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina from 1973 to 1975. He was the first popularly elected Mayor of Raleigh…
Clarence McClane Pendleton Jr. (November 10, 1930 – June 5, 1988) was the politically conservative African American chairman of the United States Commission on Civil Rights, a position that he held from 1981 until his death during the administration of…
Clarence Major (born December 31, 1936) is an American poet, painter, and novelist; and winner of the 2015 "Lifetime Achievement Award in the Fine Arts", presented by the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation. He was awarded the 2016 PEN Oakland/Reginald…
Clarence Maurice Mitchell Jr. (March 8, 1911 – March 18, 1984) was an American civil rights activist and was the chief lobbyist for the NAACP for nearly 30 years. He also served as a regional director for the organization.
