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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Business & Enterprise

Learn how entrepreneurs and institutions built livelihoods, opportunities and communities.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Joseph H. Holland

Biography

Joseph H. Holland is an American businessman, real estate developer, attorney, public servant, author, and civic leader. Holland was selected by Governor George Pataki to serve as Commissioner of the New York State Department of Housing and Community…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Joseph Jenkins Roberts

1809–1876

Joseph Jenkins Roberts (March 15, 1809 – February 24, 1876) was an African American merchant who emigrated to Liberia in 1829, where he became a politician. Elected as the first (1848–1856) and seventh (1872–1876) president of Liberia after independence,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Joseph L. Searles III

1942–2021

Joseph Louis Searles III (January 2, 1942 – July 26, 2021) was the first black floor member and floor broker in the New York Stock Exchange. Searles was born in Asheville, North Carolina. He graduated and played football at Kansas State University, then…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Joseph Lewis

1772–1820

Joseph Lewis (1772–1820), sometimes spelled Joseph Louis or Joseph Lewes, was a fur trader who was known for being among the first people of African descent to live in Western Canada. He was also known by the alias Levy Johnson or Levy Johnston. He was…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Joseph M. Suggs Jr.

1940–

Joseph M. Suggs Jr. (born August 1, 1940) is an American politician who served as Connecticut State Treasurer from 1993 to 1995.

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BIOGRAPHY
Science & Inventions

Joseph R. Houchins

1900–1990

Joseph Roosevelt Houchins (August 9, 1900 – January 5, 1990) was an American labor economist, attorney, and academic. He was a member of Franklin D. Roosevelt's Black Cabinet, a leader of the Division of Negro Affairs in the United States Department of…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Joseph Westbrook

1878–1939

Joseph Henry Parson Westbrook (February 20, 1878 – September 23, 1939) was a businessman, community leader, and civil-rights activist in Denver, Colorado. An African American physician and dentist who had moved to Denver from Hernando, Mississippi,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Josephine Bond Hebron

1894–1982

Josephine (Josie) Bond Hebron (November 22, 1894 – February 1982) was a traveler, businesswoman, and writer/publisher who was African-American. She was the cousin of composer and pianist Carl Rossini Diton and sister of composer and pianist John Harvey…

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BIOGRAPHY
Medicine & Health

Josephine English

1920–2011

Josephine English (December 17, 1920 - December 18, 2011) was an American gynecologist who was the first black woman to open a private practice in New York. She was also known for her work in real estate and health care, in addition to her philanthropy…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Josephine Leary

1856–1923

Josephine Napoleon Leary (1856–1923) was an American businesswoman and real estate entrepreneur from Edenton, North Carolina. The J. N. Leary building, a large commercial property in Edenton built in 1894, features her name on the pediment.

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin

1842–1924

Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin (née St. Pierre; August 31, 1842 – March 13, 1924) was a publisher, journalist, civil rights leader, suffragist, abolitionist, and editor of the Woman's Era, the first national newspaper published by and for African-American women.

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Josh Babarinde

1993–

Joshua Thomas Aderele Babarinde (born 20 June 1993) is a British Liberal Democrat politician and social entrepreneur who has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Eastbourne since 2024.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Joshua I. Smith

1941–

Joshua Smith (born April 8, 1941) is an American businessman and former chairperson of the Commission on Minority Business Development.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Josiah H. Blount

1860–1938

Josiah Homer Blount (September 17, 1860 – December 15, 1938) was an American teacher, farmer, businessman, and fraternal order leader who was the first African-American to run for Governor of Arkansas.

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ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Journal and manifest of Benjamin. S. Olney on board Ship I.s.I.s.

c. 1810

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Journal and manifest of Benjamin. S. Olney on board Ship I.s.I.s.” (Text).

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog sova.nmaahc.a2018.17.2_ref123
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MUSEUM OBJECT
Sacred and Ceremonial Objects

Journal from the Wayman Chapel A.M.E. Church in Lyles Station

November 2, 1941-October 21, 1945

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A journal used by the Wayman Chapel A.M.E. Church. The journal has a black cover, red spine, and gilt lettering on the cover that says “Journal.” The interior pages of the journal contain both ink and graphite inscriptions regarding church activity and…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.155.17.1
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ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Journal of Business — Baton Rouge (Assistant Subassistant Commissioner)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The single–volume "Journal of Business," March 1868 and July–November 1868 (221), is arranged chronologically. The March 1868 section relates to business transacted by those who had complaints concerning labor, labor contracts, and crime. The July–November…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1905, File 5.6.18
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ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Journal of Business — Fort Monroe (Subassistant Commissioner, 5th District)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The single volume journal of business, September–November 1865 (190), is arranged chronologically. The volume contains notations concerning daily activities of the Bureau and actions taken.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1913, File 3.65.18
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ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

"Journal of Business" — Franklin (Agent and Assistant Subassistant Commissioner)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The single–volume "Journal of Business," November–December 1868 (283), is arranged chronologically. The volume also contains a "report of indigent and destitute whites and freed people in the Parish of St. Mary, Louisiana, applying for relief,"…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1905, File 5.20.21
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ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

"Journal of Business" — Jesuits Bend (Provost Marshal, Agent, and Assistant Subassistant Commissioner)

Date not recorded

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

The single–volume "Journal of Business," January–August 1868 (303), is arranged chronologically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1905, File 5.26.10
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