Explore discoveries, inventions and the people who expanded what was possible.
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Loading image…1898–1990
Ernest Mae McCarroll (November 29, 1898 – 1990), a physician in New Jersey, was one of the United States' first African American physicians. She grew up in Birmingham, Alabama, though her education took her through several cities and states. In 1929 she…
1941–1992
Ernestine Eckstein (April 23, 1941 – July 15, 1992) was an African-American woman who helped steer the United States lesbian and gay rights movement during the 1960s. She was a leader in the New York chapter of Daughters of Bilitis (DOB). Her influence…
Loading image…1913–1961
Erskine Butterfield (February 9, 1913 – July 11, 1961) was an American pianist, singer, bandleader and composer, active in the 1930s to the 1950s, and best known for his boogie-woogie and swing piano style. Butterfield was credited with "helping to invent…
1975-06-08
FROM THE SOURCE CATALOGOriginal text on slide reads, "Eshu shrine. Sunday. Market Day".
Loading image…1961–
Estella Atekwana (née Estella Akweseh Nkwate; born 13 September 1961) is a geophysicist studying biogeophysics and tectonophysics. She is currently Dean of the College of Letters and Science, and also a Professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary…
1901–1981
Estelle Massey Riddle Osborne (May 3, 1901 – December 12, 1981) was an African American nurse and educator. She served in many prominent positions and worked to eliminate racial discrimination in the nursing field.
1926–2021
Esther Arvilla Hopkins (née Harrison; September 18, 1926 – May 19, 2021) was an American chemist, environmental attorney and politician. Hopkins was best known for her career as a biophysicist and research chemist at American Cyanamid along with research…
Loading image…Biography
Esther Ngolela Babady is a Congolese-born American microbiologist currently serving as chief of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center's Clinical Microbiology Service and President of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.
1931–2020
Esther McCready (January 10, 1931 – September 2, 2020) was a nurse and teacher who desegregated the University of Maryland School of Nursing in 1950. The case was filed in 1949 in Baltimore City Court by National Association for the Advancement of Colored…
Loading image…Biography
Esther A. Odekunle is a British Neurobiologist and Antibody Engineer. She works as an antibody engineer for the pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), where her research focuses on identifying and removing physical and chemical risks from…
1929–1981
Ethel D. Allen (May 8, 1929 – December 16, 1981) was an African-American politician and physician from the Republican Party, who served as the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania under governor Dick Thornburgh for 10 months, between January and…
Loading image…1905–1980
Ethel Reed Maynard (November 23, 1905 – May 20, 1980) was an American politician, activist, and registered nurse who served in the Arizona House of Representatives as a member of the Democratic Party. She was the first black woman to serve in the Arizona…
Loading image…1914–1978
Ethelene Jones Crockett (1914–1978) was an American physician and activist from Detroit. She was Michigan's first African-American female board certified OB/GYN, and the first woman to be president of the American Lung Association. In 1988, Crockett was…
Loading image…Biography
Etosha R. Cave is an American mechanical engineer based in Berkeley, California. She is the co-founder and Chief Scientific Officer of Twelve, a startup that recycles carbon dioxide.
1939–
Etta Christine Leath Gravely (born August 30, 1939) is an associate professor of chemistry education at North Carolina A&T State University in Greensboro, North Carolina.
Loading image…1938–2012
Jamesetta Hawkins (January 25, 1938 – January 20, 2012), known professionally as Etta James, was an American singer and songwriter. Starting her career in 1954, James frequently performed in Nashville's R&B clubs, collectively known in the 1940s, 1950s and…
Loading image…1893–1968
Eugene Heriot Dibble Jr. (1893–1968) was an American physician and head of the John A. Andrew Memorial Hospital at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. He played an important role in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, which was a clinical study conducted on…
Loading image…1936–
Eugene M. DeLoatch (born 1936) in Piermont, New York, is an American academic in engineering education. DeLoatch's career has sought to expose historically marginalized communities to careers in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). DeLoatch…
1846–1887
Eunice P. Shadd, also known as Eunice Lindsay (1846 – January 4, 1888), was an American-Canadian physician born in Pennsylvania and raised in Chatham, Ontario. She was the first black woman to graduate from Howard University College of Medicine.
1899–1986
Eunice Verdell Rivers Laurie (1899–1986) was an African American nurse who worked in the state of Alabama.
Loading image…1890–1980
Martha Euphemia Lofton Haynes (September 11, 1890 – July 25, 1980) was an American mathematician and educator. She was the first African American woman to earn a PhD in mathematics, which she earned from the Catholic University of America in 1943.
1845–1931
Eustace Edward Green Sr. (1845-1931) was an American politician and educator from North Carolina, he was also a medical doctor in Georgia.
Loading image…1952–
Evan B. Forde is an American oceanographer at the Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) with the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). He was the first African-American scientist to perform research in a submersible.…
1953–
Eve Juliet Higginbotham (born November 4, 1953) is an American ophthalmologist and medical school administrator. Born in New Orleans to parents who were public school teachers, Higginbotham studied chemical engineering at Massachusetts Institute of…
Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.
