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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Slavery, Resistance & Freedom

Learn about enslavement, resistance, abolition and the struggle for freedom through biographies and historical records.

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8,921 matching cards · 24 cards per page

Source image for Bill of sale for Flora, a woman enslaved in ConnecticutLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for Flora, a woman enslaved in Connecticut

December 13, 1796

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A framed bill of sale for Flora, an enslaved woman, dated "this 13th Day of December, 1796." The document is handwritten in brown ink on cream laid paper. The document transfers the ownership of "a certain Negro Wench named Flora" from Margaret Dwight in…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2021.48.2
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Source image for Bill of sale for four enslaved persons in Charleston, South CarolinaLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for four enslaved persons in Charleston, South Carolina

1844

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A large, pre-printed bill of sale with handwritten text on both sides. It describes the mortgage of four enslaved persons by George Lynes. The enslaved persons are identified as “S Bella, L Sally, Ben, and L Anthony.” The document states that Lynes…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2018.43.1
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Source image for Bill of sale for Hannah and her children, Clarinda and StephenLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for Hannah and her children, Clarinda and Stephen

March 3, 1800

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A bill of sale for an enslaved woman named Hannah and her children Claudia and Stephen, sold from Maurice Simons to William Doughty for 326 pounds, 5 shillings on March 3, 1800 in Charleston, South Carolina. The documented is a pre-printed bill of sale for…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.158.7
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Source image for Bill of sale for Leah and her daughters Sarah and Mariah to Robert WatsonLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for Leah and her daughters Sarah and Mariah to Robert Watson

January 8, 1827

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A handwritten bill of sale for a woman named Leah and her two daughters, Sarah and Mariah, for the amount of $750 to Robert Watson. The document is handwritten in brown ink on a square sheet of off-white paper. At top left it is dated [1822 Jany. 8th]. It…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.158.25
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Source image for Bill of sale for Sally and her daughters, Sylvia, Charlotte, and ElizabethLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for Sally and her daughters, Sylvia, Charlotte, and Elizabeth

March 7, 1854

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A printed bill of sale form completed with handwritten details. The one-sided single-sheet document begins with [The State of South Carolina] at the top left and details the sale of a woman and her three daughters from A. Nachman to C.W. Seignious for the…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.158.12
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Source image for Bill of sale for Sam purchased by Edward RouzeeLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for Sam purchased by Edward Rouzee

January 14, 1800

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A bill of sale for "one negro man slave named Sam." Sam was sold by James Thomas to Edward Rouzee for one hundred (100) pounds. The signature of Thomas is in the lower right corner, next to the word "seal," which has been circled. The document was…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.104.5
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Source image for Bill of sale for the purchase of 'Old Ned' by Edward RouzeeLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for the purchase of 'Old Ned' by Edward Rouzee

May 21, 1818

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

This handwritten, single page document is a bill of sale prepared by Tho. Matthews that states that Edward Rouzee purchased for eleven (11) dollars "Old Ned" at the sale of Henry Garrett on May 21, 1818. The opposite side states "Thomas Matthews / Rec'd in…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.104.56
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Source image for Bill of sale for two enslaved women, Nelly and Milley, and their six childrenLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for two enslaved women, Nelly and Milley, and their six children

1832

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A handwritten document of black ink on rag paper recording the sale of two enslaved women, Nelly and Milley, and their respective children from Thomas A. Clark to James P. Clark. On one side, the document records the value of the enslaved persons being…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.151
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Source image for Bill of sale for two men, Daniel and Bartley, to Edward RouzeeLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for two men, Daniel and Bartley, to Edward Rouzee

February 18, 1812

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A bill of sale for "two negro men named Daniel and Bartley." The men were sold by George W. Banks to Edward Rouzee for nine hundred and twenty five (925) dollars . The bill of sale was received February 18, 1812 and is signed by Banks at the bottom right.…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.104.3
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Source image for Bill of sale for Will, an enslaved manLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale for Will, an enslaved man

1858

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A bill of sale for a man named Will from Benjamin H. Grist to David W. Lamb for the sum of $1,285.32, with approximately half of that cost being due January 1, 1859. The document is a letterpress printed form entitled [MORTGAGE OF PERSONAL PROPERTY -…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2019.26.8
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale of an enslaved man named Jesse to the Governor of Georgia

January 11, 1830

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A partially printed bill of sale of an enslaved man named Jesse to the Governor of Georgia. The document is brownish white with black printed text with brown handwritten additions. The additions were written by William Adams, who also signed the document.…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2014.251.5
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Source image for Bill of sale regarding an enslaved woman named JennyLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale regarding an enslaved woman named Jenny

July 1, 1799

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A bill of sale regarding an enslaved woman identified as "Jenny." The document uses a pre-printed form for John Tayloe, with details completed by hand in brown ink, for the sale of Jenny for five shillings to his brother-in-law William Augustine…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2023.45.1
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Source image for Bill of sale with two transactions for an enslaved man named Joe or JosephLoading image…
MUSEUM OBJECT
Slavery and Freedom Objects

Bill of sale with two transactions for an enslaved man named Joe or Joseph

1844

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A bill of sale for an enslaved man identified as “Joseph or Joe." The document includes both printed and handwritten text. The document records two separate transactions for the man, one on the front and one on the back. The front of the document concerns…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2018.43.2
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Source image for Bill RichmondLoading image…
BIOGRAPHY
Sports

Bill Richmond

1763–1829

Bill Richmond (5 August 1763 – 28 December 1829) was a British boxer, born into slavery in Richmondtown, New York. Although born in Colonial America, he lived for the majority of his life in England, where all his boxing contests took place. Richmond…

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BIOGRAPHY
Arts & Performance

Bill Traylor

Biography

William Traylor (April 1, c. 1853 – October 23, 1949) was an African-American self-taught artist from Lowndes County, Alabama. Born into slavery, Traylor spent the majority of his life after emancipation as a sharecropper. It was only after 1939, following…

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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE RECORD
Historical photographs & documents

Bills of Lading

Feb.–Aug. 1867

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Cataloged as “Bills of Lading”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1905, Item 5.37.11.1
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Bills of Lading and Contracts — Suffolk (Assistant Subassistant Commissioner)

1866 and 1867

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound bills of lading and contracts, 1866 and 1867, are arranged by type of record and thereunder chronologically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1913, File 3.86.8
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Bills of Lading — Baton Rouge (Assistant Subassistant Commissioner)

Feb.–Nov. 1868

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound bills of lading, February–November 1868, are arranged chronologically.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1905, File 5.6.15
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
ARCHIVE FILE
Archival documents & files

Bills of Lading, Contracts, and Court Records — Cumberland Courthouse (Cumberland County, Assistant Superintendent)

1865 and 1866

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Unbound bills of lading, contracts, and court records, 1865 and 1866, are arranged by type of record.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog NMAAHC.FB.M1913, File 3.21.3
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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.