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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Business & Enterprise

Learn how entrepreneurs and institutions built livelihoods, opportunities and communities.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Eesean Bolden

1985–

Eesean Bolden (born July 27, 1985) is an American music executive and entrepreneur. He has been the senior Vice President of A&R at Warner Bros since 2016. Bolden also had Epic Records, the division of Sony Entertainment, Inc., and Capitol Records, a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature & Journalism

Effie Lee Newsome

1885–1979

Effie Lee Newsome (January 16, 1885 – 1979), born Mary Effie Lee in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was a Harlem Renaissance writer. She mostly wrote children's poems, and was the first famous African-American poet whose work was mostly in this area. Her first…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Memorabilia and Ephemera - Other

Egg carton from Muslim Farms

1968

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Light brown egg carton for one dozen eggs. Top left of carton lid has black and white image of a farm printed on it. Superimposed over it is a yellow circle with black border and letters is in center of farm image. "YOUR/BRAND/EGGS." On top right side of…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2013.39.7
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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Elaine Parker

1926–2009

C. Elaine Parker, born Cora Elaine Smith (June 11, 1926 – December 30, 2009), was an American community activist who promoted and directed social, political, economic, and environmental change in Harlem.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Elder Jordan

Biography

Elder Jordan Sr. (c. 1850–1936) was an American businessman, philanthropist, and community leader in St. Petersburg, Florida.

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Eleanor Ragsdale

1926–1998

Eleanor Dickey Ragsdale (February 23, 1926 – May 5, 1998) was an American educator, entrepreneur, and activist in the Civil Rights Movement in the Phoenix area. In 2023, Ragsdale was inducted into the Arizona Women's Hall of Fame.

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Textiles and Quilts

Eleven lengths of various trimmings from Mae's Millinery Shop

1941-1994

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Eleven (11) pieces of various trimming materials found in box 2010.6.64.1 from Mae's Millinery Shop. Pieces include faux pearl beads, sequined and rhinestone embellished trim, and velvet ribbon. There are also two (2) pieces of embroidered velvet (.10 and…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2010.6.64.9.1-.11
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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Elias Camp Morris

1855–1922

Elias Camp Morris (May 7, 1855 – September 5, 1922) was an American minister, politician, and businessman. Born a slave, Morris attended seminary then preached at Centennial Baptist Church in Helena, Arkansas. He rose to prominence among black Baptists,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Medicine & Health

Elijah B. Odom

1859–1924

Elijah B. Odom (10 October 1859 – 24 February 1924) was an American physician and businessperson from Hernando, Mississippi. He was born into slavery in 1859. Despite the enactment of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, his descendants believe he was…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Elijah Connor

1990–

Elijah Connor is an American pop singer and songwriter. He is known for starring in season two of The Four: Battle for Stardom on Fox with Sean Combs.

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BIOGRAPHY
Religion & Politics

Elijah Muhammad

1897–1975

Elijah Muhammad led the Nation of Islam from 1933 to 1975, helping it grow from a Detroit-based movement into a national organization. He promoted Black nationalism and economic self-reliance alongside racial separation. His theology included racist…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Elinor Tatum

Biography

Elinor Ruth Tatum (born January 29, 1971) is the publisher and editor in chief of the New York Amsterdam News, the oldest and largest black newspaper in the City of New York, and one of the oldest ethnic papers in the country. Under her leadership, the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Elisabeth Dieudonné Vincent

1798–1883

Elisabeth Dieudonné Vincent (1798 – 29 November 1883) was a Saint Dominican Creole, businesswoman and international migrant. Born in 1798 in Saint-Domingue to an affranchie mother and a French father, she was illegitimate, although her father did…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Elise Smith

Biography

Elise Marie Smith also known as Elise Smith is a tech entrepreneur known for being one of the few Black women in the United States to raise more than $1 million in venture capital funding for the company Praxis Labs.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Eliza Seymour Lee

Biography

Eliza Seymour Lee (c. 1800–1874), was an American pastry chef and restaurateur. She was the daughter of pastry chef Sally Seymour.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Elizabeth A. Gloucester

1817–1883

Elizabeth Amelia Gloucester (née Parkhill; 1817 – August 9, 1883) was one of the wealthiest black African-American women at the time of her death and was a supporter of the Underground Railroad and a business owner.

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Elizabeth Asiedu

Biography

Elizabeth Asiedu is a professor of economics at Howard University and a former professor at the University of Kansas. She has facilitated research that is centered around foreign aid, foreign directed investment (FDI), and gender. She is a founder of the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Elizabeth Harden Gilmore

1909–1986

Elizabeth Harden Gilmore (1909–1986) was a business leader and civil rights advocate. She was the first woman to be licensed as an assistant funeral director in Kanawha County, West Virginia on October 28, 1938, and as a funeral director on November 12,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Arts & Performance

Elizabeth Harriet Stevens Gray Bowser

1831–1908

Elizabeth Harriet Stevens Gray Bowser (June 13, 1831 – November 29, 1908) was an American artisan, businesswoman, and philanthropist. She was active in the mid-19th century flourishing of Voluntary associations in Philadelphia, as a supplier of decorative…

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Elizabeth Virgil

1903–1991

Elizabeth Ann Virgil (April 24, 1903 – June 20, 1991) was an American educator and the first African American to graduate from the University of New Hampshire, receiving her Bachelor of Science degree in home economics in 1926. She taught at Black schools…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Ella Gifft

Biography

Ella Gifft, also Ella Gift (c. 1882 – 26 December 1964), was a Black entrepreneur and suffragist from the United States Virgin Islands, who founded the Suffragist League and was one of the first women to register to vote in the territory. She smuggled…

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Ella Mahammitt

1863–1932

Ella Lillian Davis Browne Mahammitt (November 22, 1863 – September 9, 1932) was an American journalist, civil rights activist, and women's rights activist from Omaha, Nebraska. She was editor of the black weekly newspaper The Enterprise, president of…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Ella P. Stewart

1893–1987

Ella P. Stewart (née Ella Nora Phillips; March 6, 1893 – November 27, 1987) was an American pharmacist who was one of the first African American female pharmacists in the United States.

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