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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Civil Rights & Public Life

Follow movements, public leaders and campaigns for rights, citizenship and representation.

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Source image for Benjamin MaysLoading image…
BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Benjamin Mays

1894–1984

Benjamin Elijah Mays (August 1, 1894 – March 28, 1984) was an American Baptist minister and civil rights leader who is credited with laying the intellectual foundations of the American civil rights movement. Mays taught and mentored many influential…

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BIOGRAPHY
Military

Benjamin O. Davis Sr.

1877–1970

Benjamin Oliver Davis Sr. (July 1, 1877 – November 26, 1970) was a career officer in the United States Army. One of the few black officers in an era when American society was largely segregated, in 1940 he was promoted to brigadier general, the army's…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Benjamin "Pap" Singleton

1809–1900

Benjamin "Pap" Singleton (August 15, 1809 – February 17, 1900) was an American activist and businessman best known for his role in establishing African American settlements in Kansas. A former slave from Tennessee who escaped to freedom in Ontario in 1846,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Benjamin Pelham

1862–1948

Benjamin Burnside Pelham (1862–1948) was an American lawyer, accountant, political organizer, journalist, and newspaper publisher.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Benjamin S. Turner

1825–1894

Benjamin Sterling Turner (March 17, 1825 – March 21, 1894) was an American businessman and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives representing Alabama's 1st congressional district in the 42nd United States Congress. He was a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Benjamin W. Arnett

1838–1906

Benjamin William Arnett (March 6, 1838 – October 7, 1906) was an American educator, minister, bishop and member of the Ohio House of Representatives.

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BIOGRAPHY
Sports & Achievement

Benjie Wimberly

1964–

Benjie E. Wimberly (born December 1, 1964) is an American teacher and Democratic Party politician who is the member of the New Jersey Senate from the 35th district since 2025. He previously represented the 35th Legislative District in the New Jersey…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Bennett Stewart

1912–1988

Bennett McVey Stewart (August 6, 1912 – April 26, 1988) was an American politician who as a part of the Democratic party served as a U.S. representative from Illinois (1979–1981) and as a member of the Chicago City Council (1971–1979).

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BIOGRAPHY
Sports

Bennie Daniels

1932–

Bennie Daniels Jr. (born June 17, 1932), is an American former professional baseball pitcher, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1957–1960) and Washington Senators (1961–1965).

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Bennie Thompson

1948–

Bennie Gordon Thompson (born January 28, 1948) is an American politician and educator serving as the U.S. representative for Mississippi's 2nd congressional district since 1993. A member of the Democratic Party, Thompson served as the chair of the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Visual Arts

Benny Andrews

1930–2006

Benny Andrews (November 13, 1930 – November 10, 2006) was an African-American artist, activist and educator. Born in Plainview, Georgia, Andrews earned a BFA in painting from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago in 1958, and soon after moved to New…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Benny Briolly

1991–

Benny Briolly (born 29 October 1991) is a Brazilian politician and political activist. In 2020, she became the first transgender councilwoman of the city of Niterói, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, being the fifth most voted for candidate for the municipal…

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BIOGRAPHY
Business

Benny Napoleon

1955–2020

Benny Nelson Napoleon (September 10, 1955 – December 17, 2020) was an American attorney, law enforcement officer, and politician who served as the sheriff of Wayne County, Michigan from 2009 to 2020. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Sacred and Ceremonial Objects

Bentwood armchair from a church in Tulsa, Oklahoma

late 19th-early 20th century

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A bentwood armchair purportedly belonging to a black church in Tulsa that was looted during the Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921. The chair has curved arm rests. The arm rests are attached to the chair back and seat with oval-shaped, metal cleats. Both uprights…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2014.22
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MUSEUM OBJECT
berets

Beret belonging to Etta Moten Barnett

ca. 1980

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

This is a black wool felt beret. Around the inside it has a grosgrain sweatband. Sewn to the sweatband is a black fabric label with pink text that reads “makins / New York.”.

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog A2022.13.1.12
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BIOGRAPHY
Scholarship

Bergis Jules

1981–

Bergis Jules is an American archivist and scholar. He is known for digital humanities projects that aim to diversify and democratize the historical record, and for his scholarly research on community-based archives. Between 2014 and 2018, he served as the…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Tools and Equipment

Berkley Fishing rod and reel combo from the Rock Rest Tourist Home

1963

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A 415 Berkley spinning fishing rod/reel combo from the Rock Rest Tourist Home. The rod has a black butt cap, cork handle grips, and a silver tone reel seat. The rod blank is white and has three silver tone metal guides held in place with wrapped thread.…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.12.21.1
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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Bernadette Clement

1965–

Bernadette Clement (born May 17, 1965) is a Canadian politician, who was appointed to the Canadian Senate by Liberal prime minister Justin Trudeau on June 22, 2021. She was previously mayor of Cornwall, Ontario, having been elected in the 2018 Ontario…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Bernadine Newsom Denning

1930–2011

Bernadine Newsom Denning (1930 – January 11, 2011) was an educator and civil rights activist recognised in the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Bernard Allen

1937–2006

Bernard Allen (August 24, 1937 – October 14, 2006) was a Democratic member of the North Carolina General Assembly representing the state's thirty-third House district, predominantly composed of constituents in Raleigh, North Carolina but including some…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Bernard C. Parks

1943–

Bernard C. Parks (born December 7, 1943) is an American politician who served as a member of the Los Angeles City Council, representing the 8th district in South Los Angeles from 2003 to 2015. A member of the Democratic Party, Parks served as Chief of the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Bernard Kincaid

1945–

Bernard Kincaid (born June 5, 1945) is an American politician who is the former mayor of Birmingham, Alabama, elected in 1999. In 2007 he was defeated in a bid for re-election, winning only 8% of votes. He was succeeded by Larry Langford.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Bernard Lafayette

1940–2026

Bernard Lafayette (or LaFayette) Jr. (; July 29, 1940 – March 5, 2026) was an American civil rights activist, organizer and Baptist minister, who was a leader in the civil rights movement. He played a leading role in early organizing of the Selma Voting…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Bernard Powell

1947–1979

Bernard Powell (March 5, 1947 – 1979) was a Black Civil Rights Activist in Kansas City, Missouri. He joined the NAACP at the age of 13 and later founded the Social Action Committee of 20 (SAC-20). Powell was recognized with many honors, such as National…

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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.