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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Civil Rights & Public Life

Follow movements, public leaders and campaigns for rights, citizenship and representation.

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BIOGRAPHYPortrait not availableExplore the life, work and source references.
BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Sammi Brown

1984–

Sammi Brown (born December 21, 1984) is an American politician and labor organizer who served as a member of the West Virginia House of Delegates for the 65th district from December 1, 2018, to November 30, 2020.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Sammie Chess, Jr.

1934–2022

Sammie Chess, Jr. (28 March 1934 – 23 July 2022) was an attorney, civil rights activist, and judge in North Carolina. He was the first Black Superior Court justice in North Carolina history.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Sammy Younge Jr.

1944–1966

Samuel Leamon Younge Jr. (November 17, 1944 – January 3, 1966) was a civil rights and voting rights activist who was murdered for trying to desegregate a "whites only" restroom. Younge was an enlisted service member in the United States Navy, where he…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Memorabilia and Ephemera - Political and Activist Ephemera

Sample ballot for the 2008 Presidential election

2008

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A sample ballot for the United States 2008 Presidential election in New York, New York. Printed in black ink on large off-white cardboard paper, the hyper visual ballot is designed with 11 top to bottom voting columns; voting machine instructions; voting…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2019.103.1
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COLLECTION RECORDImage not availableExplore the catalog description and source record.
MUSEUM OBJECT
Memorabilia and Ephemera - Political and Activist Ephemera

Sample ballot for the 2008 Presidential election

2008

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A sample ballot for the United States 2008 Presidential election in New York, New York. Printed in black ink on large off-white cardboard paper, the hyper visual ballot is designed with 11 top to bottom voting columns; voting machine instructions; voting…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2019.103.2
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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Sampson W. Keeble

1833–1887

Sampson W. Keeble (May 18, 1833 – June 19, 1887) was a businessman and politician in Tennessee during the Reconstruction era. In 1872, he was the first African American elected to the Tennessee Legislature, serving from 1873 to 1875 in the Tennessee House…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Samra Brouk

1986–

Samra Brouk (born May 20, 1986) is an American politician from the state of New York. A Democrat, Brouk has represented the 55th district of the New York State Senate, which is based in Rochester and its eastern suburbs, since January 2021.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Samson LeBeau Kpadenou

1974–

Samson Komlan-"LeBeau" Kpadenou (born April 30 1974) is an American political activist and waiter who served as an advisor for Jill Stein's 2024 presidential campaign and was her running mate in several states as a placeholder for Butch Ware. He was…

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BIOGRAPHY
Medicine & Health

Samuel A. Elbert

1832–1902

Samuel A. Elbert (April 9, 1832 – July 15, 1902) was an American physician and politician in Indiana. He was the Republican nominee for a state house seat in 1882. He was the first African American to receive a medical degree in the state of Indiana.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel A. McElwee

1857–1914

Samuel A. McElwee (1857-1914) was an African-American lawyer and politician in the United States. He was born enslaved in 1857 in Haywood County, Tennessee. His parents were Robert and Georgianna McElwee.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel A. McIvor

Dates not recorded

Samuel A. McIvor was an American politician. He served in the Georgia House of Representatives representing Liberty County, Georgia.

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BIOGRAPHY
Business & Enterprise

Samuel Armstead

Biography

Samuel Armstead (né Samuel Ball; c. 1804–October 4, 1908) was an American politician, Methodist minister, restaurateur, and was formerly enslaved. An African American, he served in the Louisiana House of Representatives, established a church, and started a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Samuel Beecher Hart

1863–1936

Samuel Beecher Hart (1863 – March 24, 1936) was a state legislator in Pennsylvania. He served multiple terms. In 1925 Hart, an African-American state legislator from Philadelphia, introduced a bill in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives to commission…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel Benedict

Biography

Samuel Benedict (c. 1792–1854) was a Liberian politician and jurist who served as the 1st Chief Justice of Liberia. He was born a slave in the U.S. state of Georgia in 1792, and purchased his freedom and that of his family.

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Samuel Benjamin Morse

1852–1909

Samuel Benjamin Morse (December 6, 1852 – May 30, 1909) was an African American educator. He was one of the first students admitted to Atlanta University (now Clark Atlanta University). He was the founding director of the Department of Music at Savannah…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel Benjamin Thompson

1837–

Samuel Benjamin Thompson (October 11, 1837 - August 1909) was a lawyer, judicial official, and Reconstruction Era politician in South Carolina. He was a delegate to the 1865 South Carolina Constitutional Constitutional Convention. He was also an elected…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel Boyd

1847–1872

Samuel Boyd (July 4, 1847 - August 25, 1872) was an American clerk, treasurer, justice of the peace, and state legislator in Florida. He represented Nassau County, Florida in the Florida House of Representatives in 1871 and 1872. He also served as in…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Samuel Burris

1813–1863

Samuel D. Burris (October 14, 1813 – December 3, 1863) was a member of the Underground Railroad. He had a family, who he moved to Philadelphia for safety and traveled into Maryland and Delaware to guide freedom seekers north along the Underground Railroad…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel C. Watkins

Born 1842

Samuel C. Watkins (born circa 1842) was an African American carpenter, politician, and civic leader in post-Civil War Tallahassee, Florida. He is recognized as the first African American to serve as acting mayor of Tallahassee in 1876 (in a brief acting…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel Coleman

Dates not recorded

Samuel Coleman was a state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Chester County, South Carolina in the South Carolina House of Representatives in 1875 and 1876. He eventually moved to North Carolina. Coleman was elected in 1875 to fill the seat left…

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BIOGRAPHY
Medicine & Health

Samuel E. Courtney

Biography

Samuel Edward Courtney (c. 1860 – June 1, 1941), also known as S. E. Courtney, was an American physician, teacher, and politician in Boston. He was a founding member of the National Negro Business League.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel E. Gaillard

Biography

Samuel Eden Gaillard (c. 1839–1879) was an African-American businessman and politician during the Reconstruction era in South Carolina. He represented Charleston County in the state senate from 1871 until 1877, when he resigned after Democrats regained…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Samuel Fitzhugh

1844–

Samuel W. Fitzhugh was an American politician. He was a state legislator representing Wilkinson County, Mississippi in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1874 to 1876. The Vicksburg Daily Times referred to him as the "cider colored negro" and a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Samuel Ford McGill

1815–1871

Samuel Ford McGill (January 1815 – June 26, 1871) was a Liberian medical doctor and politician who served as governor of Maryland in Liberia from 1851 to 1854. Born free in Baltimore, Maryland, he emigrated to Liberia in 1826.

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