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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Civil Rights & Public Life

Follow movements, public leaders and campaigns for rights, citizenship and representation.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Ross Peltier

1992–

Ross Peltier (born 24 April 1992) is a former Jamaican International Rugby League player who played as a prop. He is a Politician for the Green Party. He is a Green Party politician.

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Rotimi Adebari

1964–

Rotimi Adebari (born 1964) is a Nigerian-born Irish politician. Adebari was elected as the first black mayor in Ireland in 2007.

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Photographs and Still Images

Routed by Tear Gas

July 1966

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

Captured during the March Against Fear in Canton, Mississippi, this black-and-white photograph depicts marchers running out of a tent after it has been attacked with tear gas by Mississippi state troopers. Many people are falling to the ground or trying to…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2012.169.5
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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Rowena Moore

1910–1998

Rowena Moore (September 10, 1910 – December 15, 1998) was an African-American union and civic activist, and founder of the Malcolm X Memorial Foundation in Omaha, Nebraska. She led the effort to have the Malcolm X House Site recognized for its association…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

RowVaughn Wells

Biography

RowVaughn Wells (born c. 1962) is an American social justice activist and the mother of Tyre Nichols, a man killed by Memphis police officers in January 2023. An advocate for the prevention of police brutality in the United States, Wells influenced the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Roy Hackett

1928–2022

Lurel Roy Hackett MBE (19 September 1928 – 2 August 2022) was a Jamaican-born activist and long-time civil rights campaigner for the British African-Caribbean community in Bristol, England. He was one of the primary organizers of the Bristol Bus Boycott,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Roy Innis

1934–2017

Roy Emile Alfredo Innis (June 6, 1934 – January 8, 2017) was an American activist and politician. He was National Chairman of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) from 1968 until his death. One of his sons, Niger Roy Innis, serves as National Spokesman…

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Roy L. Brooks

1950–

Roy Lavon Brooks (born 1950) is an American legal scholar who served as Warren Distinguished Professor of Law and was named a University Professor twice at the University of San Diego School of Law. Brooks is a specialist in civil rights law, legal theory,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Roy Perry

1905–1972

Roy Prince Edward Perry (1905–1972) was a Canadian dentist, politician, and community leader from Windsor, Ontario. He was the first Black Canadian to be on Windsor's governing Board of Control, President of the Essex County Dental Association, and a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights & Community

Roy Wilkins

1901–1981

Roy Ottoway Wilkins (August 30, 1901 – September 8, 1981) was an American civil rights leader from the 1930s to the 1970s. Wilkins's most notable role was his leadership of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), in which he…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Roy Wood Sr.

1915–1995

Roy Norris Wood Sr. (September 15, 1915 – October 15, 1995) was an African American radio pioneer, civil rights journalist, commentator, college professor, and entrepreneur. Wood was the host of the nationally syndicated TV show Black's View on the News.

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Roya Marsh

Biography

Roya Marsh is a LGBTQ African American slam and performance poet and activist. Marsh, a native of Parkchester, Bronx, began her slam poetry career in the year 2011 while still a student and improving her skills at open mics. Marsh is a former Poet in…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Royal L. Bolling

1920–2002

Royal Lee Bolling (June 19, 1920 – July 16, 2002) was a Massachusetts politician and head of a prominent African-American political family. While serving in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1965, he sponsored the state's Racial Imbalance Act,…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Royal L. Bolling Jr.

1944–

Royal Lee Bolling Jr. (born May 1, 1944) is an American businessman and politician. Bolling was born in Boston, Massachusetts.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Royce West

1952–

Royce Barry West (born September 26, 1952) is an American politician who serves as a member of the Texas Senate, representing the Dallas-based 23rd District.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Royce White

1991–

Royce Alexander White (born April 10, 1991) is an American political candidate and former professional basketball player who was the Republican Party's nominee in the 2024 United States Senate election in Minnesota and is a Republican candidate for the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Rozia Henson

Biography

Rozia Henson is an American Democratic politician from Virginia. He was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in the 2023 Virginia House of Delegates election from the 19th district. He is the first openly gay Black man to be elected to the Virginia…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
projectile weapon components

Rubber ball projectile used in Washington, DC

2020

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

This rubber ball projectile was collected by Nathan Baca, the investigative reporter from WUSA9, while covering social justice protests in Washington, DC on June 1, 2020. Black 32 caliber rubber ball round originally from a Stinger® 12-Gauge High Velocity…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2021.46.4
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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Ruben B. White

Dates not recorded

Ruben B. White was an American politician who served as a pastor and state senator in Arkansas. His older brother James T. White also served in the state legislature. He had mixed ancestry. He served in 1873 with John Goad representing Pulaski and White…

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BIOGRAPHY
Music

Rubén Blades

1948–

Rubén Blades Bellido de Luna (born 16 July 1948), known professionally as Rubén Blades (Spanish: [ruˈβem ˈblaðes], but [- ˈblei̯ðs] in Panama and within the family), is a Panamanian musician, singer, composer, actor, activist, and politician, performing…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics

Ruben J. Dailey

1910–1981

Ruben Jasper Dailey (24 January 1910, Asheville - 8 January 1981, Asheville was the first African American attorney to practice in Buncombe County, North Carolina, which includes Asheville. Dailey worked to press the issue of school integration not only in…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Ruby Bridges

1954–

At age six, Bridges walked through jeering crowds into William Frantz Elementary School in 1960, becoming an enduring symbol of school desegregation.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Ruby Dee

1922–2014

Ruby Dee (born Ruby Ann Wallace; October 27, 1922 – June 11, 2014) was an American actress. She was married to Ossie Davis, with whom she frequently performed until his death in 2005. She received numerous accolades, including an Emmy Award, a Grammy…

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BIOGRAPHY
Music

Ruby Glover

1930–2007

Ruby Glover (December 6, 1929 – October 20, 2007) was a jazz vocalist who was given the title "Godmother of Jazz" in 1993 by Baltimore mayor Kurt Schmoke. As a professor at Sojourner-Douglass College, she influenced many young students of her Baltimore…

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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.