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SERIES 1 · THE COMPLETE COLLECTION

Series 1 · Civil Rights & Public Life

Follow movements, public leaders and campaigns for rights, citizenship and representation.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert C. Wright (politician)

1944–2014

Robert C. Wright (November 5, 1944 – February 22, 2014) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, 159th district from 1981 to 1992 and as a judge on the Delaware County…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Robert Charles

Biography

Robert Charles (1865–1900) was an African-American activist living in New Orleans who took part in a gunfight between July 24 and 27, 1900, after being assaulted by a police officer, leading to the death of five policemen and two civilians, and the…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert Coleman-Senghor

1940–2011

Robert Coleman-Senghor (November 8, 1940 – April 9, 2011) was an American professor of English at Sonoma State University who served as mayor of Cotati, California for one year. He died suddenly in the hospital from a blood clot (which two days earlier had…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Robert Contee

Biography

Robert J. Contee III (born c. 1972) is the former Chief of the Metropolitan Police Department of Washington, D.C., United States. He was appointed by Mayor Muriel Bowser as acting chief effective January 2, 2021, and was confirmed unanimously by the DC…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert Cornegy

1965–

Robert E. Cornegy Jr. (born September 24, 1965) is an American politician. He is a former New York City Council Member for the 36th district, representing Bedford-Stuyvesant and northern Crown Heights in Brooklyn.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert Cox

Born 1828

Robert Cox (born September 12, 1828) was an American state legislator in Florida. He was from Alabama and moved to Florida before the American Civil War. He represented Leon County, Florida in the Florida House of Representatives from 1868 to 1870.

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Robert D. Bullard

1946–

Robert Doyle Bullard (born December 21, 1946) is an American academic who is the former dean of the Barbara Jordan – Mickey Leland School of Public Affairs (October 2011 – August 2016) and is currently a distinguished professor at Texas Southern…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Robert D. Glass

1922–2001

Robert Davis Glass (November 28, 1922 – November 27, 2001) was the first African American justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court, serving from 1987 to 1992. He was a plaintiff in McKissick v. Carmichael, which desegregated the University of North…

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BIOGRAPHY
Education & Scholarship

Robert D. Perkins Sr.

1922–1994

Robert Dean Perkins Sr. (August 11, 1922 – April 19, 1994) was an American educator, businessman and civil rights activist based in Tallahassee, Florida. Perkins and his wife, Trudie, are credited with being the catalysts for bringing about equitable…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Robert D. Rucker

1952–

Robert D. Rucker (born 1947) was the 105th justice appointed to the Indiana Supreme Court. He retired May 12, 2017. Born in Canton, Georgia, Rucker grew up in Gary, Indiana.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert Dean

1954–

Robert Dean (born February 14, 1954) is a politician from the state of Michigan. He is a former member of the Michigan House of Representatives. His district was in the eastern portion of the city of Grand Rapids.

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BIOGRAPHY
Arts & Performance

Robert Douglass Jr.

1809–1887

Robert Douglass Jr. (1809 – October 26, 1887) was an African-American artist and leading activist from Philadelphia.

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Robert E. Pierre

1968–

Robert E. Pierre (born 1968 in Franklin, Louisiana) is a longtime reporter and editor at The Washington Post. Pierre has written articles on adult incarceration, juvenile justice and social justice, and he was one of 18 writer-contributors to an…

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BIOGRAPHY
Literature

Robert Edison Sandiford

1968–

Robert Edison Sandiford (born 1968) is a Canadian novelist, short story writer and essayist. Born in Montreal, Quebec, he co-founded with the poet Linda M. Deane ArtsEtc, a periodical devoted to culture in Barbados. In 2003, his short story "Reckoning" was…

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Robert Emmitt Lillard

1907–1991

Robert Emmitt Lillard (March 23, 1907 – November 6, 1991) was an American civil rights activist, lawyer, judge, and politician from Nashville, Tennessee. He served on the Nashville City Council and Metropolitan Council (1951–1971), organized voter…

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BIOGRAPHY
Medicine & Health

Robert F. Boyd

1858–1912

Robert Fulton Boyd (July 8, 1855 – July 20, 1912) was an African-American medical doctor, professor, politician, and one of the co-founders of the National Medical Association, serving as its first president between 1895 and 1898. He also researched the…

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MUSEUM OBJECT
Books and Published Materials

Robert F. Kennedy: Promises to Keep

1969

FROM THE SOURCE CATALOG

A first edition, hardcover edition of Robert F. Kennedy: Promises to Keep written by Robert F. Kennedy, with an introductory note by Ted Kennedy. It is a cloth bound hardcover book with a sewn binding and adhesive binding. The book’s paper dust jacket…

Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and CultureCatalog 2011.12.52.22
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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert Fletcher

1815–1885

Robert Fletcher (1815 – September 1885) was a Reconstruction era politician in North Carolina who served in the North Carolina House of Representatives. He served his community in other positions including being a sub-elector and a county commissioner.

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BIOGRAPHY
Civil Rights

Robert Fox (activist)

1846–

Robert Fox (c. 1846–1933) was an African-American activist who sparked a civil rights battle in Louisville, Kentucky in October 1870 by entering a segregated streetcar. He was born in Kentucky to Albert and Margaret Fox and worked as an undertaker and a…

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BIOGRAPHY
Biography & Culture

Robert Frederick Collins

1931–

Robert Frederick Collins (born January 27, 1931) is a former civil rights attorney and former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana.

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BIOGRAPHY
Medicine & Health

Robert G. Clark Jr.

1928–2025

Robert George Clark Jr. (October 3, 1928 – March 4, 2025) was an American politician who served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1968 to 2004, representing the 47th district. He was the first African-American member of the Mississippi…

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert Gleed

1836–1916

Robert Gleed Sr. (c. 1836 – July 24, 1916), was an American politician, merchant, and civic leader. He served as a Republican in the Mississippi State Senate during the Reconstruction era.

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BIOGRAPHY
Politics & Public Life

Robert H. Dennis

1846–1900

Robert H. Dennis Sr. (c. 1846 - April 17, 1900) was a teacher and state legislator in Florida. In 1875 he represented Jackson County, Florida in the Florida House of Representatives. He was born in Pennsylvania. He was elected to the state house along with…

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BIOGRAPHY
History & Culture

Robert H. Holloway

1918–2005

Robert H. Holloway (May 4, 1918 – November 21, 2005) was a lawyer and state legislator in Illinois. He was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives in 1972 and served one term.

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Biographies, museum objects and archive records are distinct card types. Every card links to its historical source.